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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance on multiple-choice question answering (MCQA) benchmarks, yet they remain highly vulnerable to minor input perturbations. In this paper, we introduce and evaluate Token…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Jui-Ming Yao , Hao-Yuan Chen , Zi-Xian Tang , Bing-Jia Tan , Sheng-Wei Peng , Bing-Cheng Xie , Shun-Feng Su

Label noise is ubiquitous in real-world scenarios, posing a practical challenge to supervised models due to its effect in hurting the generalization performance of deep neural networks. Existing methods primarily employ the sample selection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Mengmeng Sheng , Zeren Sun , Tao Chen , Shuchao Pang , Yucheng Wang , Yazhou Yao

The natural world is abundant with concepts expressed via visual, acoustic, tactile, and linguistic modalities. Much of the existing progress in multimodal learning, however, focuses primarily on problems where the same set of modalities…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Paul Pu Liang , Peter Wu , Liu Ziyin , Louis-Philippe Morency , Ruslan Salakhutdinov

Supervised cross-modal hashing aims to embed the semantic correlations of heterogeneous modality data into the binary hash codes with discriminative semantic labels. Because of its advantages on retrieval and storage efficiency, it is…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Fengling Li , Tong Wang , Lei Zhu , Zheng Zhang , Xinhua Wang

With the increasing availability of 2D and 3D data, significant advancements have been made in the field of cross-modal retrieval. Nevertheless, the existence of imperfect annotations presents considerable challenges, demanding robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Gui Zou , Chaofan Gan , Chern Hong Lim , Supavadee Aramvith , Weiyao Lin

Brain-inspired hyperdimensional computing (HDC) has been recently considered a promising learning approach for resource-constrained devices. However, existing approaches use static encoders that are never updated during the learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-13 Junyao Wang , Sitao Huang , Mohsen Imani

Deep learning has shown remarkable success in medical image analysis, but its reliance on large volumes of high-quality labeled data limits its applicability. While noisy labeled data are easier to obtain, directly incorporating them into…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Chengxuan Qian , Kai Han , Jianxia Ding , Chongwen Lyu , Zhenlong Yuan , Jun Chen , Zhe Liu

Test-Time Adaptation (TTA) aims to tackle distribution shifts using unlabeled test data without access to the source data. In the context of multimodal data, there are more complex noise patterns than unimodal data such as simultaneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Zirun Guo , Tao Jin

We present a hybrid framework that leverages the trade-off between temporal and frequency precision in audio representations to improve the performance of speech enhancement task. We first show that conventional approaches using specific…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-12-24 Jang-Hyun Kim , Jaejun Yoo , Sanghyuk Chun , Adrian Kim , Jung-Woo Ha

Hierarchical optimization refers to problems with interdependent decision variables and objectives, such as minimax and bilevel formulations. While various algorithms have been proposed, existing methods and analyses lack adaptivity in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-27 Xiaochuan Gong , Jie Hao , Mingrui Liu

Recently, learning-based stereo matching methods have achieved great improvement in public benchmarks, where soft argmin and smooth L1 loss play a core contribution to their success. However, in unsupervised domain adaptation scenarios, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-01 Zhelun Shen , Zhuo Li , Chenming Wu , Zhibo Rao , Lina Liu , Yuchao Dai , Liangjun Zhang

We consider learning from data of variable quality that may be obtained from different heterogeneous sources. Addressing learning from heterogeneous data in its full generality is a challenging problem. In this paper, we adopt instead a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2014-12-19 Shuang Song , Kamalika Chaudhuri , Anand D. Sarwate

This paper focuses on the weakly-supervised audio-visual video parsing task, which aims to recognize all events belonging to each modality and localize their temporal boundaries. This task is challenging because only overall labels…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Haoyue Cheng , Zhaoyang Liu , Hang Zhou , Chen Qian , Wayne Wu , Limin Wang

Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) is becoming a prominent approach to assist clinicians spanning across multiple fields. These automated systems take advantage of various computer vision (CV) procedures, as well as artificial intelligence (AI)…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-10-26 Danilo Avola , Luigi Cinque , Alessio Fagioli , Sebastiano Filetti , Giorgio Grani , Emanuele Rodolà

Sleep stage classification is crucial for detecting patients' health conditions. Existing models, which mainly use Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) for modelling Euclidean data and Graph Convolution Networks (GNN) for modelling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yuze Liu , Ziming Zhao , Tiehua Zhang , Kang Wang , Xin Chen , Xiaowei Huang , Jun Yin , Zhishu Shen

Medical image denoising is considered among the most challenging vision tasks. Despite the real-world implications, existing denoising methods have notable drawbacks as they often generate visual artifacts when applied to heterogeneous…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-11 S M A Sharif , Rizwan Ali Naqvi , Woong-Kee Loh

Spatio-temporal machine learning is critically needed for a variety of societal applications, such as agricultural monitoring, hydrological forecast, and traffic management. These applications greatly rely on regional features that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Zhexiong Liu , Licheng Liu , Yiqun Xie , Zhenong Jin , Xiaowei Jia

Real-world image classification tasks tend to be complex, where expert labellers are sometimes unsure about the classes present in the images, leading to the issue of learning with noisy labels (LNL). The ill-posedness of the LNL task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-02 Zheng Zhang , Cuong Nguyen , Kevin Wells , Thanh-Toan Do , Gustavo Carneiro

Labeled data is a fundamental component in training supervised deep learning models for computer vision tasks. However, the labeling process, especially for ordinal image classification where class boundaries are often ambiguous, is prone…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Alireza Sedighi Moghaddam , Mohammad Reza Mohammadi

We learn about the world from a diverse range of sensory information. Automated systems lack this ability as investigation has centred on processing information presented in a single form. Adapting architectures to learn from multiple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-27 Jason Armitage , Shramana Thakur , Rishi Tripathi , Jens Lehmann , Maria Maleshkova