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World models aim to learn action-controlled future prediction and have proven essential for the development of intelligent agents. However, most existing world models rely heavily on substantial action-labeled data and costly training,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shenyuan Gao , Siyuan Zhou , Yilun Du , Jun Zhang , Chuang Gan

Physics-based simulations are often used to model and understand complex physical systems and processes in domains like fluid dynamics. Such simulations, although used frequently, have many limitations which could arise either due to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-12 Nikhil Muralidhar , Jie Bu , Ze Cao , Long He , Naren Ramakrishnan , Danesh Tafti , Anuj Karpatne

Graph Neural Networks have recently become a prevailing paradigm for various high-impact graph analytical problems. Existing efforts can be mainly categorized as spectral-based and spatial-based methods. The major challenge for the former…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Yushun Dong , Kaize Ding , Brian Jalaian , Shuiwang Ji , Jundong Li

The rise of mobile devices equipped with numerous sensors, such as LiDAR and cameras, has spurred the adoption of multi-modal deep intelligence for distributed sensing tasks, such as smart cabins and driving assistance. However, the arrival…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Fenmin Wu , Sicong Liu , Kehao Zhu , Xiaochen Li , Bin Guo , Zhiwen Yu , Hongkai Wen , Xiangrui Xu , Lehao Wang , Xiangyu Liu

Current deep regression models usually learn in a point-wise way that treats each sample as an independent input, neglecting the relative ordering among different data. Consequently, the regression model could neglect the data's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Fuhang Liang , Rucong Xu , Deng Lin

Figuring out the right airfoil is a crucial step in the preliminary stage of any aerial vehicle design, as its shape directly affects the overall aerodynamic characteristics of the aircraft or rotorcraft. Besides being a measure of…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2023-03-14 Hassan Moin , Hafiz Zeeshan Iqbal Khan , Surrayya Mobeen , Jamshed Riaz

Deep learning models for channel estimation in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems often suffer from performance degradation under fast-fading channels and low-SNR scenarios. To address these limitations, we introduce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Berkay Guler , Hamid Jafarkhani

Point cloud scene flow estimation is of practical importance for dynamic scene navigation in autonomous driving. Since scene flow labels are hard to obtain, current methods train their models on synthetic data and transfer them to real…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Zhao Jin , Yinjie Lei , Naveed Akhtar , Haifeng Li , Munawar Hayat

Perceiving and interacting with 3D articulated objects, such as cabinets, doors, and faucets, pose particular challenges for future home-assistant robots performing daily tasks in human environments. Besides parsing the articulated parts…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-05 Yian Wang , Ruihai Wu , Kaichun Mo , Jiaqi Ke , Qingnan Fan , Leonidas Guibas , Hao Dong

Data augmentation (DA) is widely employed to improve the generalization performance of deep models. However, most existing DA methods employ augmentation operations with fixed or random magnitudes throughout the training process. While this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Suorong Yang , Peijia Li , Xin Xiong , Furao Shen , Jian Zhao

The traditional Artificial Potential Field (APF) method exhibits limitations in its force distribution: excessive attraction when UAVs are far from the target may cause collisions with obstacles, while insufficient attraction near the goal…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Bo Ma , Yi Ji , Liyong Fang

Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) drives progress in numerous scientific and engineering fields, yet high-fidelity simulations remain computationally prohibitive. While machine learning approaches offer computing acceleration, they…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2025-08-12 Rui Zhang , Qi Meng , Han Wan , Yang Liu , Zhi-Ming Ma , Hao Sun

Low-altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) networks rely on robust semantic segmentation as a foundational enabler for distributed sensing-communication-control co-design across heterogeneous agents within the network. However, segmentation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jiao Chen , Haoyi Wang , Jianhua Tang , Junyi Wang

The widespread use of neural surrogates in automotive aerodynamics, enabled by datasets such as DrivAerML and DrivAerNet++, has primarily focused on bluff-body flows with large wakes. Extending these methods to aerospace, particularly in…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Fabian Paischer , Leo Cotteleer , Yann Dreze , Richard Kurle , Dylan Rubini , Maurits Bleeker , Tobias Kronlachner , Johannes Brandstetter

The integration of dynamic, sparse structures like Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) with parameter-efficient adapters (e.g., LoRA) is a powerful technique for enhancing Large Language Models (LLMs). However, this architectural enhancement comes at…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-13 Qiyang Li , Rui Kong , Yuchen Li , Hengyi Cai , Shuaiqiang Wang , Linghe Kong , Guihai Chen , Dawei Yin

The accurate prediction of flow fields around airfoils is crucial for aerodynamic design and optimisation. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models are effective but computationally expensive, thus inspiring the development of surrogate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Kenechukwu Ogbuagu , Sepehr Maleki , Giuseppe Bruni , Senthil Krishnababu

This study proposes a universal flow field prediction framework based on knowledge transfer from large language model (LLM), addressing the high computational costs of traditional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods and the limited…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Weihao Zou , Weibing Feng , Pin Wu

Neural network training is inherently sequential where the layers finish the forward propagation in succession, followed by the calculation and back-propagation of gradients (based on a loss function) starting from the last layer. The…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Vahid Janfaza , Shantanu Mandal , Farabi Mahmud , Abdullah Muzahid

Federated learning can train models without directly providing local data to the server. However, the frequent updating of the local model brings the problem of large communication overhead. Recently, scholars have achieved the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Ying Zhuansun , Dandan Li , Xiaohong Huang , Caijun Sun

Neural networks are universal approximators that traditionally have been used to learn a map between function inputs and outputs. However, recent research has demonstrated that deep neural networks can be used to approximate operators,…