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Developing efficient traffic models is crucial for optimizing modern transportation systems. However, current modeling approaches remain labor-intensive and prone to human errors due to their dependence on manual workflows. These processes…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Xusen Guo , Xinxi Yang , Mingxing Peng , Hongliang Lu , Meixin Zhu , Hai Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) trained with reinforcement learning and verifiable rewards have achieved strong results on complex reasoning tasks. Recent work extends this paradigm to a multi-agent setting, where a meta-thinking agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Zhiwei Zhang , Xiaomin Li , Yudi Lin , Hui Liu , Ramraj Chandradevan , Linlin Wu , Minhua Lin , Fali Wang , Xianfeng Tang , Qi He , Suhang Wang

A broad use case of large language models (LLMs) is in goal-directed decision-making tasks (or "agent" tasks), where an LLM needs to not just generate completions for a given prompt, but rather make intelligent decisions over a multi-turn…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-01 Yifei Zhou , Andrea Zanette , Jiayi Pan , Sergey Levine , Aviral Kumar

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized recommendation agents by providing superior reasoning and flexible decision-making capabilities. However, existing methods mainly follow a passive information acquisition paradigm, where…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Haobo Zhang , Yutao Zhu , Kelong Mao , Tianhao Li , Zhicheng Dou

Conventional multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods rely on time-triggered execution, where agents sample and communicate actions at fixed intervals. This approach is often computationally expensive and communication-intensive.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-25 Umer Siddique , Abhinav Sinha , Yongcan Cao

Large Audio Language Models (LALMs) excel at perception but struggle with complex reasoning requiring precise acoustic measurements. While external tools can extract fine-grained features like exact tempo or pitch, effective integration…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Siqian Tong , Xuan Li , Yiwei Wang , Baolong Bi , Yujun Cai , Shenghua Liu , Yuchen He , Chengpeng Hao

Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated remarkable capabilities to comprehend human intentions, engage in reasoning, and design planning-like behavior. To further unleash the power of LLMs to accomplish complex tasks, there…

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as simulated participants in social science experiments, but their behavior is often unstable and highly sensitive to design choices. Prior evaluations frequently conflate base-model…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Xuan Liu , Haoyang Shang , Zizhang Liu , Xinyan Liu , Yunze Xiao , Yiwen Tu , Haojian Jin

Large language model (LLM) agents are moving beyond prompting alone. ChatGPT marked the rise of general-purpose LLM assistants, DeepSeek showed that on-policy reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards can improve reasoning and tool…

Effective tool use is essential for agentic AI, yet training agents to utilize tools remains challenging due to manually designed rewards, limited training data, and poor multi-tool selection, resulting in slow adaptation, wasted…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Quy Minh Le , Minh Sao Khue Luu , Khanh-Tung Tran , Duc-Hai Nguyen , Hoang-Quoc-Viet Pham , Quan Le , Hoang Thanh Lam , Hoang D. Nguyen

Large Language Models (LLMs) often struggle with mathematical reasoning tasks requiring precise, verifiable computation. While Reinforcement Learning (RL) from outcome-based rewards enhances text-based reasoning, understanding how agents…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Xinji Mai , Haotian Xu , Zhong-Zhi Li , Xing W , Weinong Wang , Jian Hu , Yingying Zhang , Wenqiang Zhang

Recent studies have uncovered the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in addressing complex sequential decision-making tasks through the provision of high-level instructions. However, LLM-based agents lack specialization in tackling…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Zihao Zhou , Bin Hu , Chenyang Zhao , Pu Zhang , Bin Liu

This paper presents an innovative large language model (LLM) agent framework for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in simulated clinical environments using the AgentClinic benchmark. The proposed automatic correction enables doctor agents to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Abhishek Dutta , Yen-Che Hsiao

Autonomous agent frameworks still struggle to reconcile long-term experiential learning with real-time, context-sensitive decision-making. In practice, this gap appears as static cognition, rigid workflow dependence, and inefficient context…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiaoxing Wang , Ning Liao , Shikun Wei , Chen Tang , Feiyu Xiong

Recent advances in Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) have demonstrated significant potential in single-turn reasoning tasks. With the paradigm shift toward self-evolving agentic learning, models are increasingly expected…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xinshun Feng , Xinhao Song , Lijun Li , Gongshen Liu , Jing Shao

With their high information density and intuitive readability, charts have become the de facto medium for data analysis and communication across disciplines. Recent multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have made notable progress in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Boran Wang , Xinming Wang , Yi Chen , Xiang Li , Jian Xu , Jing Yuan , Chenglin Liu

The pursuit of human-level artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly advanced the development of autonomous agents and Large Language Models (LLMs). LLMs are now widely utilized as decision-making agents for their ability to interpret…

Agentic reinforcement learning has advanced large language models (LLMs) to reason through long chain-of-thought trajectories while interleaving external tool use. Existing approaches assume a fixed inventory of tools, limiting LLM agents'…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Jiaru Zou , Ling Yang , Yunzhe Qi , Sirui Chen , Mengting Ai , Ke Shen , Jingrui He , Mengdi Wang

Large reasoning models have demonstrated strong problem-solving abilities, yet real-world tasks often require external tools and long-horizon interactions. Existing agent frameworks typically follow predefined workflows, which limit…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Xiaoxi Li , Wenxiang Jiao , Jiarui Jin , Guanting Dong , Jiajie Jin , Yinuo Wang , Hao Wang , Yutao Zhu , Ji-Rong Wen , Yuan Lu , Zhicheng Dou

Large Language Models (LLMs), enhanced through agent tuning, have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in Chain-of-Thought (CoT) and tool utilization, significantly surpassing the performance of standalone models. However, the multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Tianhong Gao , Yannian Fu , Weiqun Wu , Haixiao Yue , Shanshan Liu , Gang Zhang