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We study the fundamental limits of multi-server secure aggregation over a two-hop network where multiple servers, each connected to a disjoint subset of users, jointly compute the sum of all users' inputs. The goal is to ensure that no…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Zhou Li , Xiang Zhang , Jiguang He , Giuseppe Caire

Secure aggregation is concerned with the task of securely uploading the inputs of multiple users to an aggregation server without letting the server know the inputs beyond their summation. It finds broad applications in distributed machine…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Xiang Zhang , Kai Wan , Hua Sun , Shiqiang Wang , Mingyue Ji , Giuseppe Caire

Decentralized secure aggregation (DSA) considers a fully-connected network of $K$ users, where each pair of users can communicate bidirectionally over an error-free channel. Each user holds a private input, and the goal is for each user to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-19 Zhou Li , Xiang Zhang , Giuseppe Caire

We study the fundamental communication limits of information-theoretic secure aggregation in a hierarchical network consisting of a server, multiple relays, and multiple users per relay. Communication proceeds over two rounds and two hops,…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zhou Li , Yizhou Zhao , Xiang Zhang , Giuseppe Caire

We study the hierarchical secure aggregation problem with groupwise keys. The problem consists of an aggregation server, $U$ relays, and $UV$ users, where each relay serves $V$ disjoint users, and each subset of $G$ users shares an…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Minyang Lu , Zhou Li , Haiqiang Chen , Min Xie

This paper investigates the fundamental limits of information-theoretic decentralized secure aggregation (DSA) with user dropouts. We consider a fully decentralized network where $K$ users communicate over broadcast channels without a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zhou Li , Xiang Zhang , Yizhou Zhao , Han Yu , Giuseppe Caire

In the robust secure aggregation problem, a server wishes to learn and only learn the sum of the inputs of a number of users while some users may drop out (i.e., may not respond). The identity of the dropped users is not known a priori and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Yizhou Zhao , Hua Sun

In hierarchical secure aggregation (HSA), a server communicates with clustered users through an intermediate layer of relays to compute the sum of users' inputs under two security requirements -- server security and relay security. Server…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Zhou Li , Xiang Zhang , Jiawen Lv , Jihao Fan , Haiqiang Chen , Giuseppe Caire

Secure aggregation, which is a core component of federated learning, aggregates locally trained models from distributed users at a central server. The ``secure'' nature of such aggregation consists of the fact that no information about the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Kai Wan , Xin Yao , Hua Sun , Mingyue Ji , Giuseppe Caire

Information-theoretic topological secure aggregation (TSA)\cite{zhang2026information_regular} enables distributed users to compute neighborhood sums over arbitrary networks without revealing individual inputs, while remaining…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Xiang Zhang , Han Yu , Zhou Li , Yizhou Zhao , Giuseppe Caire

This paper considers a multi-message secure aggregation with privacy problem, in which a server aims to compute $\sf K_c\geq 1$ linear combinations of local inputs from $\sf K$ distributed users. The problem addresses two tasks: (1)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Chenyi Sun , Ziting Zhang , Kai Wan , Giuseppe Caire

Motivated by the increasing demand for data security in decentralized federated learning (FL) and stochastic optimization, we formulate and investigate the problem of information-theoretic \emph{decentralized secure aggregation} (DSA).…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiang Zhang , Zhou Li , Shuangyang Li , Kai Wan , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Giuseppe Caire

Secure aggregation usually aims at securely computing the sum of the inputs from $K$ users at a server. Noticing that the sum might inevitably reveal information about the inputs (when the inputs are non-uniform) and typically the users…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-26 Hua Sun

In decentralized federated learning (FL), multiple clients collaboratively learn a shared machine learning (ML) model by leveraging their privately held datasets distributed across the network, through interactive exchange of the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Xiang Zhang , Zhou Li , Shuangyang Li , Kai Wan , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng , Giuseppe Caire

This paper investigates the information-theoretic decentralized secure aggregation (DSA) problem under practical groupwise secret keys and collusion resilience. In DSA, $K$ users are interconnected through error-free broadcast channels.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Zhou Li , Xiang Zhang , Yizhou Zhao , Haiqiang Chen , Jihao Fan , Giuseppe Caire

Secure aggregation (SA) is fundamental to privacy preservation in federated learning (FL), enabling model aggregation while preventing disclosure of individual user updates. This paper addresses hierarchical secure aggregation (HSA) against…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Min Xu , Xuejiao Han , Kai Wan , Gennian Ge

This paper considers the secure aggregation problem for federated learning under an information theoretic cryptographic formulation, where distributed training nodes (referred to as users) train models based on their own local data and a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Kai Wan , Hua Sun , Mingyue Ji , Tiebin Mi , Giuseppe Caire

In secure summation, $K$ users, each holds an input, wish to compute the sum of the inputs at a server without revealing any information about {\em all the inputs} even if the server may collude with {\em an arbitrary subset of users}. In…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Zhou Li , Yizhou Zhao , Hua Sun

We provide new insights into an open problem recently posed by Yuan-Sun [ISIT 2025], concerning the minimum individual key rate required in the vector linear secure aggregation problem. Consider a distributed system with $K$ users, where…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Lei Hu , Sennur Ulukus

This paper studies the information theoretic secure aggregation problem in a three-layer hierarchical network with arbitrary heterogeneous data assignment, where clustered users communicate with an aggregation server through an intermediate…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Chenyi Sun , Ziting Zhang , Kai Wan , Xiang Zhang
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