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Optimal transport (OT) and Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) alignment are powerful frameworks for geometrically driven matching of probability distributions, yet their large-scale usage is hampered by high statistical and computational costs.…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2026-02-04 Tao Wang , Ziv Goldfeld

Protein sequence alignment is a cornerstone of bioinformatics, traditionally approached using dynamic programming (DP) algorithms that find an optimal sequential path. This paper introduces UniOTalign, a novel framework that recasts…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-10-09 Yue Hu , Zanxia Cao , Yingchao Liu

Multi-modal distributions are commonly used to model clustered data in statistical learning tasks. In this paper, we consider the Mixed Linear Regression (MLR) problem. We propose an optimal transport-based framework for MLR problems,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-17 Theo Diamandis , Yonina C. Eldar , Alireza Fallah , Farzan Farnia , Asuman Ozdaglar

The blooming diffusion probabilistic models (DPMs) have garnered significant interest due to their impressive performance and the elegant inspiration they draw from physics. While earlier DPMs relied upon the Markovian assumption, recent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-12 Bowen Sun , Shibao Zheng

We propose a data-driven filtered reduced order model (DDF-ROM) framework for the numerical simulation of fluid flows. The novel DDF-ROM framework consists of two steps: (i) In the first step, we use explicit ROM spatial filtering of the…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2017-09-14 X. Xie , M. Mohebujjaman , L. G. Rebholz , T. Iliescu

We consider statistical methods which invoke a min-max distributionally robust formulation to extract good out-of-sample performance in data-driven optimization and learning problems. Acknowledging the distributional uncertainty in learning…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-08-05 Jose Blanchet , Karthyek Murthy , Viet Anh Nguyen

In seismic exploration, sources and measurements of seismic waves on the surface are used to determine model parameters representing geophysical properties of the earth. Full-waveform inversion (FWI) is a nonlinear seismic inverse technique…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2019-02-05 Yunan Yang

Flow matching (FM) trains a time-dependent vector field that transports samples from a simple prior to a complex data distribution. However, for high-dimensional images, each training sample supervises only a single trajectory and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 George Stoica , Sayak Paul , Matthew Wallingford , Vivek Ramanujan , Abhay Nori , Winson Han , Ali Farhadi , Ranjay Krishna , Judy Hoffman

We propose a variational model with diffeomorphic optimal transportation for joint image reconstruction and motion estimation. The proposed model is a production of assembling the Wasserstein distance with the Benamou--Brenier formula in…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-08-28 Chong Chen

We propose a new approach for unsupervised alignment of heterogeneous datasets, which maps data from two different domains without any known correspondences to a common metric space. Our method is based on an unbalanced optimal transport…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Florian Beier , Moritz Piening , Robert Beinert , Gabriele Steidl

Optimal transport is a machine learning problem with applications including distribution comparison, feature selection, and generative adversarial networks. In this paper, we propose feature-robust optimal transport (FROT) for…

The dynamical formulation of the optimal transport can be extended through various choices of the underlying geometry (kinetic energy), and the regularization of density paths (potential energy). These combinations yield different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-04 Kirill Neklyudov , Rob Brekelmans , Alexander Tong , Lazar Atanackovic , Qiang Liu , Alireza Makhzani

Suppose we are given two metric spaces and a family of continuous transformations from one to the other. Given a probability distribution on each of these two spaces - namely the source and the target measures - the Wasserstein alignment…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-03-11 Soumik Pal , Bodhisattva Sen , Ting-Kam Leonard Wong

High-dimensional integration with respect to complex target measures remains a fundamental challenge in computational science. While Flow Matching (FM) offers a powerful paradigm for constructing continuous-time transport maps, its…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-06 Zhijun Zeng , Jianlong Chen

In optimal transport (OT), a Monge map is known as a mapping that transports a source distribution to a target distribution in the most cost-efficient way. Recently, multiple neural estimators for Monge maps have been developed and applied…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Luca Eyring , Dominik Klein , Théo Uscidda , Giovanni Palla , Niki Kilbertus , Zeynep Akata , Fabian Theis

This paper presents a robust and efficient method for tracking topological features in time-varying scalar data. Structures are tracked based on the optimal matching between persistence diagrams with respect to the Wasserstein metric. This…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-01-03 Maxime Soler , Mélanie Plainchault , Bruno Conche , Julien Tierny

Gaussian mixture models form a flexible and expressive parametric family of distributions that has found applications in a wide variety of applications. Unfortunately, fitting these models to data is a notoriously hard problem from a…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2023-01-05 Yuling Yan , Kaizheng Wang , Philippe Rigollet

We present \textbf{FlowRL}, a novel framework for online reinforcement learning that integrates flow-based policy representation with Wasserstein-2-regularized optimization. We argue that in addition to training signals, enhancing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Lei Lv , Yunfei Li , Yu Luo , Fuchun Sun , Tao Kong , Jiafeng Xu , Xiao Ma

We propose Delta Rectified Flow Sampling (DRFS), a novel inversion-free, path-aware editing framework within rectified flow models for text-to-image editing. DRFS is a distillation-based method that explicitly models the discrepancy between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Gaspard Beaudouin , Minghan Li , Jaeyeon Kim , Sung-Hoon Yoon , Mengyu Wang

We study the problem of network regression, where one is interested in how the topology of a network changes as a function of Euclidean covariates. We build upon recent developments in generalized regression models on metric spaces based on…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-06-19 Alex G. Zalles , Kai M. Hung , Ann E. Finneran , Lydia Beaudrot , César A. Uribe