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Machine learning problems with multiple objective functions appear either in learning with multiple criteria where learning has to make a trade-off between multiple performance metrics such as fairness, safety and accuracy; or, in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-20 Heshan Fernando , Han Shen , Miao Liu , Subhajit Chaudhury , Keerthiram Murugesan , Tianyi Chen

Continually solving new, unsolved tasks is the key to learning diverse behaviors. Through reinforcement learning (RL), we have made massive strides towards solving tasks that have a single goal. However, in the multi-task domain, where an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-18 Yunzhi Zhang , Pieter Abbeel , Lerrel Pinto

Selective prediction aims to learn a reliable model that abstains from making predictions when uncertain. These predictions can then be deferred to humans for further evaluation. As an everlasting challenge for machine learning, in many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Jiefeng Chen , Jinsung Yoon , Sayna Ebrahimi , Sercan Arik , Somesh Jha , Tomas Pfister

Recent advances in diffusion models have led to impressive image generation capabilities, but aligning these models with human preferences remains challenging. Reward-based fine-tuning using models trained on human feedback improves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-29 Dmitrii Sorokin , Maksim Nakhodnov , Andrey Kuznetsov , Aibek Alanov

In this work, we introduce a learning model designed to meet the needs of applications in which computational resources are limited, and robustness and interpretability are prioritized. Learning problems can be formulated as constrained…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-26 Christos Mavridis , John Baras

To learn directed behaviors in complex environments, intelligent agents need to optimize objective functions. Various objectives are known for designing artificial agents, including task rewards and intrinsic motivation. However, it is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-02-15 Danijar Hafner , Pedro A. Ortega , Jimmy Ba , Thomas Parr , Karl Friston , Nicolas Heess

We propose a framework to continuously learn object-centric representations for visual learning and understanding. Existing object-centric representations either rely on supervisions that individualize objects in the scene, or perform…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-05 Chuanyu Pan , Yanchao Yang , Kaichun Mo , Yueqi Duan , Leonidas Guibas

Prompt learning is a popular fine-tuning method for vision-language models due to its efficiency. It requires a small number of additional learnable parameters while significantly enhancing performance on target tasks. However, most…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Mingyu Kim , Jongwoo Ko , Mijung Park

In this paper, we propose a generic framework for devising an adaptive approximation scheme for value function approximation in reinforcement learning, which introduces multiscale approximation. The two basic ingredients are multiresolution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-26 Tao Li , Quanyan Zhu

A central belief in scaling reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards for instruction following (IF) tasks is that, a diverse mixture of verifiable hard and unverifiable soft constraints is essential for generalizing to unseen…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Yirong Zeng , Yufei Liu , Xiao Ding , Yutai Hou , Yuxian Wang , Haonan Song , Wu Ning , Dandan Tu , Qixun Zhang , Bibo Cai , Yuxiang He , Ting Liu

Continual learning is conventionally tackled through sequential fine-tuning, a process that, while enabling adaptation, inherently favors plasticity over the stability needed to retain prior knowledge. While existing approaches attempt to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Ghada Sokar , Gintare Karolina Dziugaite , Anurag Arnab , Ahmet Iscen , Pablo Samuel Castro , Cordelia Schmid

Reinforcement learning (RL) has shown extraordinary potential in aligning diffusion models to downstream tasks, yet most of them still suffer from significant reward hacking, which degrades generative diversity and quality by inducing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Jiaming Li , Chenyu Zhu , Nanxi Yi , Youjun Bao , Li Sun , Quanying Lv , Xiang Fang , Daizong Liu , Jianjun Li , Kun He , Bowen Zhou , Zhiyuan Ma

Most reward models for visual generation reduce rich human judgments to a single unexplained score, discarding the reasoning that underlies preference. We show that teaching reward models to produce explicit, multi-dimensional critiques…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Haozhe Wang , Cong Wei , Weiming Ren , Jiaming Liu , Fangzhen Lin , Wenhu Chen

Diffusion models have achieved remarkable progress in text-to-image generation, yet aligning them with human preference remains challenging due to the presence of multiple, sometimes conflicting, evaluation metrics (e.g., semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Dipesh Tamboli , Souradip Chakraborty , Aditya Malusare , Biplab Banerjee , Amrit Singh Bedi , Vaneet Aggarwal

Object detection in aerial imagery presents a significant challenge due to large scale variations among objects. This paper proposes an evolutionary reinforcement learning agent, integrated within a coarse-to-fine object detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Jialu Zhang , Xiaoying Yang , Wentao He , Jianfeng Ren , Qian Zhang , Titian Zhao , Ruibin Bai , Xiangjian He , Jiang Liu

Recent generative models have significantly advanced speech restoration tasks, yet their training objectives often misalign with human perceptual preferences, resulting in suboptimal quality. While post-training alignment has proven…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Junan Zhang , Xueyao Zhang , Jing Yang , Yuancheng Wang , Fan Fan , Zhizheng Wu

This paper investigates image inpainting with preference alignment. Instead of introducing a novel method, we go back to basics and revisit fundamental problems in achieving such alignment. We leverage the prominent direct preference…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yutao Shen , Junkun Yuan , Toru Aonishi , Hideki Nakayama , Yue Ma

Language model (LM) alignment improves model outputs to reflect human preferences while preserving the capabilities of the base model. The most common alignment approaches are (i) reinforcement learning, which maximizes the expected reward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Lucas Monteiro Paes , Natalie Mackraz , Barry-John Theobald , Federico Danieli

Robust reinforcement learning (Robust RL) seeks to handle epistemic uncertainty in environment dynamics, but existing approaches often rely on nested min--max optimization, which is computationally expensive and yields overly conservative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Chenliang Li , Junyu Leng , Jiaxiang Li , Youbang Sun , Shixiang Chen , Shahin Shahrampour , Alfredo Garcia

Role-playing agents (RPAs) require balancing multiple objectives, such as instruction following, persona consistency, and stylistic fidelity, which are not always perfectly aligned across different dimensions. While prior work has primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Chonghua Liao , Ke Wang , Yuchuan Wu , Ruoran Li , Fei Huang , Yongbin Li