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200 papers

3D surface reconstruction is essential across applications of virtual reality, robotics, and mobile scanning. However, RGB-based reconstruction often fails in low-texture, low-light, and low-albedo scenes. Handheld LiDARs, now common on…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-02 Nikhil Behari , Aaron Young , Siddharth Somasundaram , Tzofi Klinghoffer , Akshat Dave , Ramesh Raskar

Millimetre-wave (mmWave) radars can generate 3D point clouds to represent objects in the scene. However, the accuracy and density of the generated point cloud can be lower than a laser sensor. Although researchers have used mmWave radars…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-02-01 Han Cui , Jiacheng Wu , Naim Dahnoun

An autonomous system's perception engine must provide an accurate understanding of the environment for it to make decisions. Deep learning based object detection networks experience degradation in the performance and robustness for small…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-10 Hemant Kumawat , Saibal Mukhopadhyay

This paper introduces a novel methodology for generating controlled, multi-level dust concentrations in a highly cluttered environment representative of harsh, enclosed environments, such as underground mines, road tunnels, or collapsed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Zhenan Liu , Yaodong Cui , Amir Khajepour , George Shaker

3D anomaly detection plays a crucial role in monitoring parts for localized inherent defects in precision manufacturing. Embedding-based and reconstruction-based approaches are among the most popular and successful methods. However, there…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Zheyuan Zhou , Le Wang , Naiyu Fang , Zili Wang , Lemiao Qiu , Shuyou Zhang

High-resolution LiDAR data plays a critical role in 3D semantic segmentation for autonomous driving, but the high cost of advanced sensors limits large-scale deployment. In contrast, low-cost sensors such as 16-channel LiDAR produce sparse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Alexandros Gkillas , Nikos Piperigkos , Aris S. Lalos

4D radar measurements offer an affordable and weather-robust solution for 3D perception. However, the inherent sparsity and noise of radar point clouds present significant challenges for accurate 3D object detection, underscoring the need…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-25 Xiaokai Bai , Jiahao Cheng , Songkai Wang , Yixuan Luo , Lianqing Zheng , Xiaohan Zhang , Si-Yuan Cao , Hui-Liang Shen

Low-cost millimeter automotive radar has received more and more attention due to its ability to handle adverse weather and lighting conditions in autonomous driving. However, the lack of quality datasets hinders research and development. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Peili Song , Dezhen Song , Yifan Yang , Enfan Lan , Jingtai Liu

Diffusion models have become a central tool in deep generative modeling, but standard formulations rely on a single network and a single diffusion schedule to transform a simple prior, typically a standard normal distribution, into the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-12-29 Takuro Kutsuna

Multi-sensor fusion has significant potential in perception tasks for both indoor and outdoor environments. Especially under challenging conditions such as adverse weather and low-light environments, the combined use of millimeter-wave…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-23 Tieshuai Song , Jiandong Ye , Ao Guo , Guidong He , Bin Yang

Accurate 3D object detection is vital for automated driving. While lidar sensors are well suited for this task, they are expensive and have limitations in adverse weather conditions. 3+1D imaging radar sensors offer a cost-effective, robust…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Patrick Palmer , Martin Krüger , Stefan Schütte , Richard Altendorfer , Ganesh Adam , Torsten Bertram

LiDAR perception is severely limited by the distance-dependent sparsity of distant objects. While diffusion models can recover dense geometry, they suffer from prohibitive latency and physical hallucinations manifesting as ghost points. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Zeping Zhang , Robert Laganière

This paper presents RFconstruct, a framework that enables 3D shape reconstruction using commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) mmWave radars for self-driving scenarios. RFconstruct overcomes radar limitations of low angular resolution,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-18 Samah Hussein , Junfeng Guan , Swathi Narashiman , Saurabh Gupta , Haitham Hassanieh

Using 3D point clouds in odometry estimation in robotics often requires finding a set of correspondences between points in subsequent scans. While there are established methods for point clouds of sufficient quality, state-of-the-art still…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jan Michalczyk , Stephan Weiss , Jan Steinbrener

Computer vision techniques play a central role in the perception stack of autonomous vehicles. Such methods are employed to perceive the vehicle surroundings given sensor data. 3D LiDAR sensors are commonly used to collect sparse 3D point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-21 Lucas Nunes , Rodrigo Marcuzzi , Benedikt Mersch , Jens Behley , Cyrill Stachniss

Remote Sensing Image Super-Resolution (RSISR) reconstructs high-resolution (HR) remote sensing images from low-resolution inputs to support fine-grained ground object interpretation. Existing methods face three key challenges: (1)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Yide Liu , Haijiang Sun , Xiaowen Zhang , Qiaoyuan Liu , Zhouchang Chen , Chongzhuo Xiao

By enabling capturing of 3D point clouds that reflect the geometry of the immediate environment, LiDAR has emerged as a primary sensor for autonomous systems. If a LiDAR scan is too sparse, occluded by obstacles, or too small in range,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Ryan Faulkner , Luke Haub , Simon Ratcliffe , Anh-Dzung Doan , Ian Reid , Tat-Jun Chin

In radar-camera 3D object detection, the radar point clouds are sparse and noisy, which causes difficulties in fusing camera and radar modalities. To solve this, we introduce a novel query-based detection method named Radar-Camera…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Yiheng Li , Yang Yang , Zhen Lei

The 4D millimeter-wave (mmWave) radar, with its robustness in extreme environments, extensive detection range, and capabilities for measuring velocity and elevation, has demonstrated significant potential for enhancing the perception…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-09 Zeyu Han , Junkai Jiang , Xiaokang Ding , Qingwen Meng , Shaobing Xu , Lei He , Jianqiang Wang

The safe operation of automated vehicles depends on their ability to perceive the environment comprehensively. However, occlusion, sensor range, and environmental factors limit their perception capabilities. To overcome these limitations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Sven Teufel , Jörg Gamerdinger , Georg Volk , Oliver Bringmann