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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have recently emerged as a popular approach for solving forward and inverse problems involving partial differential equations (PDEs). Compared to fully connected neural networks, PINNs based on…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-08-06 Jiahao Song , Wenbo Cao , Weiwei Zhang

Binary optimization, a representative subclass of discrete optimization, plays an important role in mathematical optimization and has various applications in computer vision and machine learning. Usually, binary optimization problems are…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-05-18 Huan Xiong , Mengyang Yu , Li Liu , Fan Zhu , Fumin Shen , Ling Shao

In many atmospheric and earth sciences, it is of interest to identify dominant spatial patterns of variation based on data observed at $p$ locations and $n$ time points with the possibility that $p>n$. While principal component analysis…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-02-29 Wen-Ting Wang , Hsin-Cheng Huang

We propose a general alternating minimization algorithm for nonconvex optimization problems with separable structure and nonconvex coupling between blocks of variables. To fix our ideas, we apply the methodology to the problem of blind…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-07 Robert Hesse , D. Russell Luke , Shoham Sabach , Matthew K. Tam

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a well-established tool in machine learning and data processing. The principal axes in PCA were shown to be equivalent to the maximum marginal likelihood estimator of the factor loading matrix in a…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-10-25 Mengyang Gu , Weining Shen

We compute the $J/\psi$ polarization observables $\lambda_\theta$, $\lambda_\phi$, $\lambda_{\theta\phi}$ in a Color Glass Condensate (CGC) + nonrelativistic QCQ (NRQCD) formalism that includes contributions from both color singlet and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-17 Yan-Qing Ma , Tomasz Stebel , Raju Venugopalan

Dimensionality reduction is a main step in the learning process which plays an essential role in many applications. The most popular methods in this field like SVD, PCA, and LDA, only can be applied to data with vector format. This means…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-01 Soheil Ahmadi , Mansoor Rezghi

Most dimensionality reduction methods employ frequency domain representations obtained from matrix diagonalization and may not be efficient for large datasets with relatively high intrinsic dimensions. To address this challenge, Correlated…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-10 Yuta Hozumi , Rui Wang , Guo-Wei Wei

We propose a new \textit{randomized Bregman (block) coordinate descent} (RBCD) method for minimizing a composite problem, where the objective function could be either convex or nonconvex, and the smooth part are freed from the global…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-01-16 Tianxiang Gao , Songtao Lu , Jia Liu , Chris Chu

Principal component analysis (PCA) is a widespread technique for data analysis that relies on the covariance-correlation matrix of the analyzed data. However to properly work with high-dimensional data, PCA poses severe mathematical…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-10-18 Luigi Leonardo Palese

Generalized principal component analysis (GLM-PCA) facilitates dimension reduction of non-normally distributed data. We provide a detailed derivation of GLM-PCA with a focus on optimization. We also demonstrate how to incorporate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-08 F. William Townes

This article proposes new multiplicative updates for nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) with the $\beta$-divergence objective function. Our new updates are derived from a joint majorization-minimization (MM) scheme, in which an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Arthur Marmin , José Henrique de Morais Goulart , Cédric Févotte

Principal component analysis (PCA) is often used for analyzing data in the most diverse areas. In this work, we report an integrated approach to several theoretical and practical aspects of PCA. We start by providing, in an intuitive and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2021-06-09 Felipe L. Gewers , Gustavo R. Ferreira , Henrique F. de Arruda , Filipi N. Silva , Cesar H. Comin , Diego R. Amancio , Luciano da F. Costa

Dimensionality reduction is a fundamental technique in machine learning and data analysis, enabling efficient representation and visualization of high-dimensional data. This paper explores five key methods: Principal Component Analysis…

Other Statistics · Statistics 2025-02-19 Yuan-chin Ivan Chang

Dimension reduction is useful for exploratory data analysis. In many applications, it is of interest to discover variation that is enriched in a "foreground" dataset relative to a "background" dataset. Recently, contrastive principal…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-05-04 Didong Li , Andrew Jones , Barbara Engelhardt

Previous versions of sparse principal component analysis (PCA) have presumed that the eigen-basis (a $p \times k$ matrix) is approximately sparse. We propose a method that presumes the $p \times k$ matrix becomes approximately sparse after…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-08-07 Fan Chen , Karl Rohe

Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is one of the most important unsupervised methods to handle high-dimensional data. However, due to the high computational complexity of its eigen decomposition solution, it hard to apply PCA to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-03-29 Feiping Nie , Heng Huang

Dimensionality reduction algorithms like principal component analysis (PCA) are workhorses of machine learning and neuroscience, but each has well-known limitations. Variants of PCA are simple and interpretable, but not flexible enough to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 John J. Vastola , Samuel J. Gershman , Kanaka Rajan

The goal of this paper is to revisit Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) through dualization of a difference of convex functions. This allows to naturally extend KPCA to multiple objective functions and leads to efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Francesco Tonin , Alex Lambert , Panagiotis Patrinos , Johan A. K. Suykens

Principal component analysis (PCA) is arguably the most widely used approach for large-dimensional factor analysis. While it is effective when the factors are sufficiently strong, it can be inconsistent when the factors are weak and/or the…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-08-22 Zhongyuan Lyu , Ming Yuan