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Related papers: Self-Admitted Technical Debt in LLM Software: An E…

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Self-admitted technical debt (SATD) impairs scientific software (SSW), yet its prioritization, sentiment, persistence, and propagation remains underexplored. Understanding how SSW developers express, and address SATD is crucial for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Eric L. Melin , Nasir U. Eisty , Gregory R. Watson , Addi Malviya-Thakur

Keeping track of and managing Self-Admitted Technical Debts (SATDs) are important to maintaining a healthy software project. This requires much time and effort from human experts to identify the SATDs manually. The current automated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Zhe Yu , Fahmid Morshed Fahid , Huy Tu , Tim Menzies

Architectural technical debt (ATD) represents trade-offs in software architecture that accelerate initial development but create long-term maintenance challenges. ATD, in particular when self-admitted, impacts the foundational structure of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Edi Sutoyo , Paris Avgeriou , Andrea Capiluppi

Context: Technical debt (TD) is a widely studied metaphor that helps to explain how sub-optimal decisions that can harm software maintainability over time. Although incurring TD is not intrinsically bad, tracking and managing TD are crucial…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-29 João Paulo Biazotto , Daniel Feitosa , Paris Avgeriou , Elisa Yumi Nakagawa

Technical Debt (TD) refers to non-optimal decisions made in software projects that may lead to short-term benefits, but potentially harm the system's maintenance in the long-term. Technical debt management (TDM) refers to a set of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-12-11 João Paulo Biazotto , Daniel Feitosa , Paris Avgeriou , Elisa Yumi Nakagawa

Technical debt (TD) refers to delayed tasks and immature artifacts that may bring short-term benefits but incur extra costs of change during maintenance and evolution in the long term. TD has been extensively studied in the past decade, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-12-13 Zengyang Li , Yilin Peng , Peng Liang , Apostolos Ampatzoglou , Ran Mo , Hui Liu , Xiaoxiao Qi

Context: Technical lag accumulates when software systems fail to keep pace with technological advancements, leading to a deterioration in software quality. Objective: This paper aims to consolidate existing research on technical lag,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Shane K. Panter , Nasir U. Eisty

NonTechnical Debt (NTD) is a common challenge in agile software development, manifesting in four critical forms, Process Debt, Social Debt, People Debt, Organizational debt. NODLA project is a collaboration between Karlstad University and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Muhammad Ovais Ahmad , Tomas Gustavsson

A high imbalance exists between technical debt and non-technical debt source code comments. Such imbalance affects Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD) detection performance, and existing literature lacks empirical evidence on the choice of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Murali Sridharan , Mika Mantyla , Leevi Rantala , Maelick Claes

Background: With the rising popularity of Artificial Intelligence (AI), there is a growing need to build large and complex AI-based systems in a cost-effective and manageable way. Like with traditional software, Technical Debt (TD) will…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Justus Bogner , Roberto Verdecchia , Ilias Gerostathopoulos

The adoption of Machine and Deep Learning (ML/DL) technologies introduces maintenance challenges, leading to Technical Debt (TD). Algorithm Debt (AD) is a TD type that impacts the performance and scalability of ML/DL systems. A review of 42…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Emmanuel Iko-Ojo Simon , Chirath Hettiarachchi , Fatemeh Fard , Alex Potanin , Hanna Suominen

Technical Debt (TD) refers to the long-term costs incurred when developers prioritize short-term delivery over quality-improving work. Architectural Technical Debt (ATD) arises when architectural decisions (e.g., technology choices,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Edi Sutoyo , Paris Avgeriou , Andrea Capiluppi

Technical debt, specifically Self-Admitted Technical Debt (SATD), remains a significant challenge for software developers and managers due to its potential to adversely affect long-term software maintainability. Although various approaches…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Yikun Li , Mohamed Soliman , Paris Avgeriou , Maarten van Ittersum

The technical debt (TD) metaphor describes actions made during various stages of software development that lead to a more costly future regarding system maintenance and evolution. According to recent studies, on average 25% of development…

Software vulnerabilities pose significant security challenges and potential risks to society, necessitating extensive efforts in automated vulnerability detection. There are two popular lines of work to address automated vulnerability…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Xin Zhou , Duc-Manh Tran , Thanh Le-Cong , Ting Zhang , Ivana Clairine Irsan , Joshua Sumarlin , Bach Le , David Lo

[Context] Technical debt (TD) in machine learning (ML) systems, much like its counterpart in software engineering (SE), holds the potential to lead to future rework, posing risks to productivity, quality, and team morale. Despite growing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Rodrigo Ximenes , Antonio Pedro Santos Alves , Tatiana Escovedo , Rodrigo Spinola , Marcos Kalinowski

Large language models (LLMs) are being rapidly integrated into decision-support tools, automation workflows, and AI-enabled software systems. However, their behavior in production environments remains poorly understood, and their failure…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Vaishali Vinay

Background. Technical debt (TD) has long been one of the key factors influencing the maintainability of software products. It represents technical compromises that sacrifice long-term software quality for potential short-term benefits.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Xiaozhou Li , Matteo Esposito , Andrea Janes , Valentina Lenarduzzi

Managing technical debt (TD) is essential for maintaining long-term software projects. Nonetheless, the time and cost involved in technical debt management (TDM) are often high, which may lead practitioners to omit TDM tasks. The adoption…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-06 João Paulo Biazotto , Daniel Feitosa , Paris Avgeriou , Elisa Yumi Nakagawa

Software practitioners can make sub-optimal decisions concerning requirements during gathering, documenting, prioritizing, and implementing requirements as software features or architectural design decisions -- this is captured by the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-07-02 Judith Perera , Ewan Tempero , Yu-Cheng Tu , Kelly Blincoe , Matthias Galster