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Explainable AI (XAI) has become an increasingly important topic for understanding and attributing the predictions made by complex Time Series Classification (TSC) models. Among attribution methods, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Davide Italo Serramazza , Nikos Papadeas , Zahraa Abdallah , Georgiana Ifrim

Unpacking and comprehending how black-box machine learning algorithms make decisions has been a persistent challenge for researchers and end-users. Explaining time-series predictive models is useful for clinical applications with high…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Amin Nayebi , Sindhu Tipirneni , Chandan K Reddy , Brandon Foreman , Vignesh Subbian

Time-series forecasts are essential for planning and decision-making in many domains. Explainability is key to building user trust and meeting transparency requirements. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) is a popular explainable AI…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Matthias Hertel , Sebastian Pütz , Ralf Mikut , Veit Hagenmeyer , Benjamin Schäfer

We propose a variant of the Shapley value, the group Shapley value, to interpret counterfactual simulations in structural economic models by quantifying the importance of different components. Our framework compares two sets of parameters,…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-10-10 Yongchan Kwon , Sokbae Lee , Guillaume A. Pouliot

When using machine learning techniques in decision-making processes, the interpretability of the models is important. In the present paper, we adopted the Shapley additive explanation (SHAP), which is based on fair profit allocation among…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-03 Yasunobu Nohara , Koutarou Matsumoto , Hidehisa Soejima , Naoki Nakashima

Shapley values has established itself as one of the most appropriate and theoretically sound frameworks for explaining predictions from complex machine learning models. The popularity of Shapley values in the explanation setting is probably…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-06-24 Martin Jullum , Annabelle Redelmeier , Kjersti Aas

We present a novel approach for explaining Gaussian processes (GPs) that can utilize the full analytical covariance structure present in GPs. Our method is based on the popular solution concept of Shapley values extended to stochastic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-25 Siu Lun Chau , Krikamol Muandet , Dino Sejdinovic

Many important questions about a model cannot be answered just by explaining how much each feature contributes to its output. To answer a broader set of questions, we generalize a popular, mathematically well-grounded explanation technique,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-16 Dillon Bowen , Lyle Ungar

Temporal Graph Neural Networks (TGNNs) have become increasingly popular in recent years due to their superior predictive performance by combining both spatial and temporal information. However, how these models utilize the information to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Lea-Marie Sussek , Stefan Heindorf

Shapley values are widely recognized as a principled method for attributing importance to input features in machine learning. However, the exact computation of Shapley values scales exponentially with the number of features, severely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Majid Mohammadi , Krikamol Muandet , Ilaria Tiddi , Annette Ten Teije , Siu Lun Chau

In this paper, we propose ShapTST, a framework that enables time-series transformers to efficiently generate Shapley-value-based explanations alongside predictions in a single forward pass. Shapley values are widely used to evaluate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Qisen Cheng , Jinming Xing , Chang Xue , Xiaoran Yang

We propose Group Shapley, a metric that extends the classical individual-level Shapley value framework to evaluate the importance of feature groups, addressing the structured nature of predictors commonly found in business and economic…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-07 Jingyi Wang , Ying Chen , Paolo Giudici

Multi-label classification is a type of classification task, it is used when there are two or more classes, and the data point we want to predict may belong to none of the classes or all of them at the same time. In the real world, many…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-26 Shikun Chen

Feature importance techniques have enjoyed widespread attention in the explainable AI literature as a means of determining how trained machine learning models make their predictions. We consider Shapley value based approaches to feature…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-06 Mattia Villani , Joshua Lockhart , Daniele Magazzeni

The SHAP (short for Shapley additive explanation) framework has become an essential tool for attributing importance to variables in predictive tasks. In model-agnostic settings, SHAP uses the concept of Shapley values from cooperative game…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-12 Justin Whitehouse , Ayush Sawarni , Vasilis Syrgkanis

In eXplainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI), instance-based explanations for time series have gained increasing attention due to their potential for actionable and interpretable insights in domains such as healthcare. Addressing the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Maciej Mozolewski , Betül Bayrak , Kerstin Bach , Grzegorz J. Nalepa

Missingness and measurement frequency are two sides of the same coin. How frequent should we measure clinical variables and conduct laboratory tests? It depends on many factors such as the stability of patient conditions, diagnostic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Jiacheng Liu , Jaideep Srivastava

Feature selection remains a major challenge in medical prediction, where existing approaches such as LASSO often lack robustness and interpretability. We introduce GRASP, a novel framework that couples Shapley value driven attribution with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Yuheng Luo , Shuyan Li , Zhong Cao

Recent studies have examined the computational complexity of computing Shapley additive explanations (also known as SHAP) across various models and distributions, revealing their tractability or intractability in different settings.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Reda Marzouk , Shahaf Bassan , Guy Katz , Colin de la Higuera

In this growing age of data and technology, large black-box models are becoming the norm due to their ability to handle vast amounts of data and learn incredibly complex data patterns. The deficiency of these methods, however, is their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Justin Lin , Julia Fukuyama
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