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Recent advances in Omni models have enabled unified multimodal perception and generation. However, most existing systems still exhibit rigid reasoning behaviors, either overthinking simple problems or failing to reason when necessary. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Dongchao Yang , Songxiang Liu , Disong Wang , Yuanyuan Wang , Guanglu Wan , Helen Meng

Code reasoning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs) in the code domain. It involves understanding and predicting a program's execution behavior, such as determining the output for a given input or whether a specific…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Lingxiao Tang , He Ye , Zhongxin Liu , Xiaoxue Ren , Lingfeng Bao

Recent advances in large language model (LLM) reasoning through reinforcement learning rely on annotated datasets for verifiable rewards, which may limit models' ability to surpass human-level performance. While self-play offers a promising…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Wai-Chung Kwan , Joshua Ong Jun Leang , Pavlos Vougiouklis , Jeff Z. Pan , Marco Valentino , Pasquale Minervini

Reinforcement learning with verifiable reward (RLVR) has become a promising paradigm for post-training large language models (LLMs) to improve their reasoning capability. However, when the rollout accuracy is low on hard problems, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Huanyu Liu , Jia Li , Yihong Dong , Chang Yu , Taozhi Chen , Lecheng Wang , Yongding Tao , Bin Gu , Ge Li

The Retrieval-Augmented Language Model (RALM) has shown remarkable performance on knowledge-intensive tasks by incorporating external knowledge during inference, which mitigates the factual hallucinations inherited in large language models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Yuan Xia , Jingbo Zhou , Zhenhui Shi , Jun Chen , Haifeng Huang

Reasoning can significantly enhance the performance of Large Language Models. While recent studies have exploited behavior-related prompts adjustment to enhance reasoning, these designs remain largely intuitive and lack a systematic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xiuping Wu , Zhao Yu , Yuxin Cheng , Ngai Wong , Liangjun Ke , Tapas Mishra , Konstantinos V. Katsikopoulos

Large language models (LLMs) excel at logical and algorithmic reasoning, yet their emotional intelligence (EQ) still lags far behind their cognitive prowess. While reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR) has advanced in other…

Explainable recommender systems are designed to elucidate the explanation behind each recommendation, enabling users to comprehend the underlying logic. Previous works perform rating prediction and explanation generation in a multi-task…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Shijie Liu , Ruixing Ding , Weihai Lu , Jun Wang , Mo Yu , Xiaoming Shi , Wei Zhang

While large multimodal models (LMMs) have demonstrated strong performance across various Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks, certain challenges require complex multi-step reasoning to reach accurate answers. One particularly challenging…

Large language models (LLMs) face inherent performance bottlenecks under parameter constraints, particularly in processing critical tokens that demand complex reasoning. Empirical analysis reveals challenging tokens induce abrupt gradient…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Yilong Chen , Junyuan Shang , Zhenyu Zhang , Yanxi Xie , Jiawei Sheng , Tingwen Liu , Shuohuan Wang , Yu Sun , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

Unified Multimodal Models (UMMs) exhibit strong understanding, yet this capability often fails to effectively guide generation. We identify this as a Cognitive Gap: the model lacks the understanding of how to enhance its own generation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Zhenchen Tang , Songlin Yang , Zichuan Wang , Bo Peng , Yang Li , Beibei Dong , Jing Dong

Emotional information in speech plays a unique role in multimodal perception. However, current Speech Large Language Models (SpeechLLMs), similar to conventional speech emotion recognition (SER) systems, still treat emotion understanding as…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Dingdong Wang , Shujie Liu , Tianhua Zhang , Youjun Chen , Jinyu Li , Helen Meng

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate enhanced capabilities and reliability by reasoning more, evolving from Chain-of-Thought prompting to product-level solutions like OpenAI o1. Despite various efforts to improve LLM reasoning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-05 Yuhao Dong , Zuyan Liu , Hai-Long Sun , Jingkang Yang , Winston Hu , Yongming Rao , Ziwei Liu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in document understanding. However, their reasoning processes remain largely black-box, making it difficult to ensure reliability and trustworthiness,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Wenwen Yu , Zhibo Yang , Yuliang Liu , Xiang Bai

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have achieved remarkable success in open-vocabulary perceptual tasks, yet their ability to solve complex cognitive problems remains limited, especially when visual details are abstract and require…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Boyi Li , Yifan Shen , Yuanzhe Liu , Yifan Xu , Jiateng Liu , Xinzhuo Li , Zhengyuan Li , Jingyuan Zhu , Yunhan Zhong , Fangzhou Lan , Jianguo Cao , James M. Rehg , Heng Ji , Ismini Lourentzou , Xu Cao

Recent studies have revealed the potential of training open-source Large Language Models (LLMs) to unleash LLMs' reasoning ability for enhancing vision-language navigation (VLN) performance, and simultaneously mitigate the domain gap…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Bingqian Lin , Yunshuang Nie , Khun Loun Zai , Ziming Wei , Mingfei Han , Rongtao Xu , Minzhe Niu , Jianhua Han , Hanwang Zhang , Liang Lin , Bokui Chen , Cewu Lu , Xiaodan Liang

Can a model learn to escape its own learning plateau? Reinforcement learning methods for finetuning large reasoning models stall on datasets with low initial success rates, and thus little training signal. We investigate a fundamental…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Shobhita Sundaram , John Quan , Ariel Kwiatkowski , Kartik Ahuja , Yann Ollivier , Julia Kempe

Rule-based reasoning is acknowledged as one of the fundamental problems of reasoning. While recent studies show that large reasoning models (LRMs) have remarkable reasoning capabilities enhanced by reinforcement learning (RL), real…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yang Liu , Jiaqi Li , Zilong Zheng

Recent advances in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) mark a shift from non-thinking models to post-trained reasoning models capable of solving complex problems through thinking. However, whether such thinking mitigates hallucinations…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Zhidian Huang , Zijun Yao , Ji Qi , Shangqing Tu , Junxian Ma , Jinxin Liu , Weichuan Liu , Xiaoyin Che , Lei Hou , Juanzi Li

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional reasoning capabilities, and co-evolving paradigms have shown promising results in domains such as code and math. However, in scientific reasoning tasks, these models remain fragile…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Xiaohan He , Shiyang Feng , Songtao Huang , Lei Bai , Bin Wang , Bo Zhang
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