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Recently, Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated a superior ability to serve as ranking models. However, concerns have arisen as LLMs will exhibit discriminatory ranking behaviors based on users' sensitive attributes (\eg gender).…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-26 Chen Xu , Wenjie Wang , Yuxin Li , Liang Pang , Jun Xu , Tat-Seng Chua

As a key component to intuitive cognition and reasoning solutions in human intelligence, causal knowledge provides great potential for reinforcement learning (RL) agents' interpretability towards decision-making by helping reduce the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Ruichu Cai , Siyang Huang , Jie Qiao , Wei Chen , Yan Zeng , Keli Zhang , Fuchun Sun , Yang Yu , Zhifeng Hao

Click-through rate (CTR) prediction is crucial for personalized online services. Sample-level retrieval-based models, such as RIM, have demonstrated remarkable performance. However, they face challenges including inference inefficiency and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Huanshuo Liu , Bo Chen , Menghui Zhu , Jianghao Lin , Jiarui Qin , Yang Yang , Hao Zhang , Ruiming Tang

State-of-the-art recommender system (RS) mostly rely on complex deep neural network (DNN) model structure, which makes it difficult to provide explanations along with RS decisions. Previous researchers have proved that providing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Zhichao Xu , Yi Han , Tao Yang , Anh Tran , Qingyao Ai

Additive two-tower models are popular learning-to-rank methods for handling biased user feedback in industry settings. Recent studies, however, report a concerning phenomenon: training two-tower models on clicks collected by well-performing…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Philipp Hager , Onno Zoeter , Maarten de Rijke

Traditional approaches to ranking in web search follow the paradigm of rank-by-score: a learned function gives each query-URL combination an absolute score and URLs are ranked according to this score. This paradigm ensures that if the score…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2012-07-03 Or Sheffet , Nina Mishra , Samuel Ieong

Recommender systems widely use implicit feedback such as click data because of its general availability. Although the presence of clicks signals the users' preference to some extent, the lack of such clicks does not necessarily indicate a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-06-16 Yuta Saito , Suguru Yaginuma , Yuta Nishino , Hayato Sakata , Kazuhide Nakata

Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction is a crucial task in online recommendation platforms as it involves estimating the probability of user engagement with advertisements or items by clicking on them. Given the availability of various…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Zichuan Fu , Xiangyang Li , Chuhan Wu , Yichao Wang , Kuicai Dong , Xiangyu Zhao , Mengchen Zhao , Huifeng Guo , Ruiming Tang

In learning-to-rank for information retrieval, a ranking model is automatically learned from the data and then utilized to rank the sets of retrieved documents. Therefore, an ideal ranking model would be a mapping from a document set to a…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Liang Pang , Jun Xu , Qingyao Ai , Yanyan Lan , Xueqi Cheng , Jirong Wen

Evaluating retrieval-ranking systems is crucial for developing high-performing models. While online A/B testing is the gold standard, its high cost and risks to user experience require effective offline methods. However, relying on…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Seyedeh Baharan Khatami , Sayan Chakraborty , Ruomeng Xu , Babak Salimi

Estimating position bias is a well-known challenge in Learning to Rank (L2R). Click data in e-commerce applications, such as targeted advertisements and search engines, provides implicit but abundant feedback to improve personalized…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-03-13 Shion Ishikawa , Yun Ching Liu , Young-Joo Chung , Yu Hirate

Understanding and quantifying node importance is a fundamental problem in network science and engineering, underpinning a wide range of applications such as influence maximization, social recommendation, and network dismantling. Prior…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Jiahui Gao , Kuang Zhou , Yuchen Zhu , Keyu Wu

Click-through rate (CTR) Prediction is of great importance in real-world online ads systems. One challenge for the CTR prediction task is to capture the real interest of users from their clicked items, which is inherently biased by…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-04-04 Congcong Liu , Yuejiang Li , Jian Zhu , Xiwei Zhao , Changping Peng , Zhangang Lin , Jingping Shao

The pervasive deployment of large language models (LLMs) in conversational AI systems has revolutionized information access, yet their propensity for generating factually unsupported or hallucinated responses remains a critical impediment…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Steven Robinson , Antonio Carlos Rivera

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have opened new opportunities for recommender systems by enabling rich semantic understanding and reasoning about user interests and item attributes. However, as privacy regulations tighten,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Ziheng Chen , Jiali Cheng , Zezhong Fan , Hadi Amiri , Yunzhi Yao , Xiangguo Sun , Yang Zhang

Recommender systems are essential for delivering personalized content across digital platforms by modeling user preferences and behaviors. Recently, large language models (LLMs) have been adopted for prompt-based recommendation due to their…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Md Aminul Islam , Ahmed Sayeed Faruk

Modern data-driven recommendation systems risk memorizing sensitive user behavioral patterns, raising privacy concerns. Existing recommendation unlearning methods, while capable of removing target data influence, suffer from inefficient…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-11 Junpeng Zhao , Lin Li , Ming Li , Amran Bhuiyan , Jimmy Huang

While numerous studies have been conducted in the literature exploring different types of machine learning approaches for search ranking, most of them are focused on specific pre-defined problems but only a few of them have studied the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Zhen Liao

Extracting query-document relevance from the sparse, biased clickthrough log is among the most fundamental tasks in the web search system. Prior art mainly learns a relevance judgment model with semantic features of the query and document…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Lixin Zou , Changying Hao , Hengyi Cai , Suqi Cheng , Shuaiqiang Wang , Wenwen Ye , Zhicong Cheng , Simiu Gu , Dawei Yin

Explainable recommendation systems (RSs) are designed to explicitly uncover the rationale of each recommendation, thereby enhancing the transparency and credibility of RSs. Previous methods often jointly predicted ratings and generated…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Xiangchen Pan , Wei Wei