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If all the eigenvalues of the Hermitian-adjacency matrix of a mixed graph are integers, then the mixed graph is called \emph{H-integral}. If all the eigenvalues of the (0,1)-adjacency matrix of a mixed graph are \emph{Gaussian integers},…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-02-17 Monu Kadyan , Bikash Bhattacharjya

We study when the adjacency matrix of a Cayley graph factors as the product of two adjacency matrices of Cayley graphs. Let $G$ be a finite group and let $U\subseteq G\setminus \{e\}$ be symmetric. Writing $A(G;U)$ for the adjacency matrix…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-12-22 Allen W. Herman , Bobby Miraftab

Isomorphic factorizations of complete graphs originate from the seminal work of Frank Harary and collaborators, who initiated the systematic study of decompositions of complete graphs into pairwise isomorphic spanning subgraphs. In this…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-09 Huye Chen , Jingjian Li , Hao Yu , Zitong Yu

Let $G$ be a finite group and $S$ be a subset of $G$. The bi-Cayley graph $\mathrm{BCay}(G,S)$ is the graph with vertex set $G\times \{0,1\}$ and edge set $\{\{(x,0),(sx,1)\}\mid x\in G,s\in S\}$. A bi-Cayley graph $\mathrm{BCay}(G,S)$ is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-01-22 Jin-Hua Xie , Zhishuo Zhang

Let $S$ be a set of transpositions that generates the symmetric group $S_n$, where $n \ge 3$. The transposition graph $T(S)$ is defined to be the graph with vertex set $\{1,\ldots,n\}$ and with vertices $i$ and $j$ being adjacent in $T(S)$…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2015-12-11 Ashwin Ganesan

A mixed graph $G$ is a graph obtained from a simple undirected graph by orientating a subset of edges. $G$ is self-converse if it is isomorphic to the graph obtained from $G$ by reversing each directed edge. For two mixed graphs $G$ and $H$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-12-02 Wei Wang , Lihong Qiu , Jianguo Qian , Wei Wang

In this paper, we characterize the finite groups $G$ of even order with the property that for any involution $x$ and element $y$ of $G$, $\langle x, y \rangle$ is isomorphic to one of the following groups: $\mathbb{Z}_2,$ $\mathbb{Z}_2^2$,…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-02 Yan-Quan Feng , István Kovács

In the past few decades, quantum algorithms have become a popular research area of both mathematicians and engineers. Among them, uniform mixing provides a uniform probability distribution of quantum information over time which attracts a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Xiwang Cao

Given graphs $X$ and $Y$ with vertex sets $V(X)$ and $V(Y)$ of the same cardinality, we define a graph $\mathsf{FS}(X,Y)$ whose vertex set consists of all bijections $\sigma:V(X)\to V(Y)$, where two bijections $\sigma$ and $\sigma'$ are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-06-16 Colin Defant , Noah Kravitz

We consider the family of undirected Cayley graphs associated with odd cyclic groups, and study statistics for the eigenvalues in their spectra. Our results are motivated by analogies between arithmetic geometry and graph theory.

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Matilde Lalin , Anwesh Ray

The isomorphism problem of Cayley graphs has been well studied in the literature, such as characterizations of CI (DCI)-graphs and CI (DCI)-groups. In this paper, we generalize these to vertex-transitive graphs and establish parallel…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-03-29 Jing Chen , Binzhou Xia

Let $G$ be a finite group. It was remarked by Breuillard-Green-Guralnick-Tao that if the Cayley graph $C(G,S)$ is an expander graph and is non-bipartite then the spectrum of the adjacency operator $T$ is bounded away from $-1$. In this…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2019-06-20 Arindam Biswas

The unitary Cayley graph $C_R$ of a finite unital ring $R$ is the simple graph with vertex set $R$ in which two elements $x$ and $y$ are connected by an edge if and only if $x-y$ is a unit of $R$. We characterize the unitary Cayley graph…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-03-22 Waldemar Hołubowski , Sergiy Kozerenko , Bogdana Oliynyk , Viktoriia Solomko

We are interested in various aspects of spectral rigidity of Cayley and Schreier graphs of finitely generated groups. For each pair of integers $d\geq 2$ and $m \ge 1$, we consider an uncountable family of groups of automorphisms of the…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Rostislav Grigorchuk , Tatiana Nagnibeda , Aitor Pérez

The unitary addition Cayley graph $G_n$, $n\in Z^+$ is the graph whose vertex set is $Z_n$, the ring of integers modulo $n$ and two vertices $u$ and $v$ are adjacent if and only if $u + v \in \cup_n$ where $\cup_n$ is the set of all units…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-04-07 Najiya V K , Chithra A , Naveen Palanivel

A graph $\Ga=(V,E)$ is called a Cayley graph of some group $T$ if the automorphism group $\Aut(\Ga)$ contains a subgroup $T$ which acts on regularly on $V$. If the subgroup $T$ is normal in $\Aut(\Ga)$ then $\Ga$ is called a normal Cayley…

Group Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-01 Jing Jian Li , Zai Ping Lu

The isomorphism problem for digraphs is a fundamental problem in graph theory. In this paper, we consider this problem for $m$-Cayley digraphs which are generalization of Cayley digraphs. Let $m$ be a positive integer. A digraph admitting a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-06-17 Xing Zhang , Yan-Quan Feng , Jin-Xin Zhou , Fu-Gang Yin

A graph is called integral if all its eigenvalues are integers. A Cayley graph is called normal if its connection set is a union of conjugacy classes. We show that a non-empty integral normal Cayley graph for a group of odd order has an odd…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-21 Arnbjörg Soffía Árnadóttir , Chris Godsil

A group $G$ is complete group if it satisfies $Z(G)=e$ and $Aut(G)=Inn(G)$. In this paper, on the one hand, we study the basic properties of generalized Cayley graphs and characterize two classes isomorphic generalized generalized Cayley…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-05-07 Qianfen Liao , Liu Weijun

In this paper, generalizing the result in \cite{GXY}, we construct strongly regular Cayley graphs by using union of cyclotomic classes of $\F_q$ and Gauss sums of index $w$, where $w\geq 2$ is even. In particular, we obtain three infinite…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-08-07 Fan Wu