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Evaluating the readability of a text can significantly facilitate the precise expression of information in written form. The formulation of text readability assessment involves the identification of meaningful properties of the text…
Interpretability has attracted increasing attention in earth observation problems. We apply interactive visualization and representation analysis to guide interpretation of glacier segmentation models. We visualize the activations from a…
The widely-used automatic evaluation metrics cannot adequately reflect the fluency of the translations. The n-gram-based metrics, like BLEU, limit the maximum length of matched fragments to n and cannot catch the matched fragments longer…
Complex systems are found in most branches of science. It is still argued how to best quantify their complexity and to what end. One prominent measure of complexity (the statistical complexity) has an operational meaning in terms of the…
The success of Large Language Models (LLMs) in other domains has raised the question of whether LLMs can reliably assess and manipulate the readability of text. We approach this question empirically. First, using a published corpus of 4,724…
This paper introduces an objective metric for evaluating a parsing scheme. It is based on Shannon's original work with letter sequences, which can be extended to part-of-speech tag sequences. It is shown that this regular language is an…
Providing system-generated explanations for recommendations represents an important step towards transparent and trustworthy recommender systems. Explainable recommender systems provide a human-understandable rationale for their outputs.…
We study relativistic scattering when one only has access to a subset of the particles, using the language of quantum measurement theory. We give an exact, non-perturbative formula for the von Neumann entanglement entropy of an apparatus…
This work proposes and evaluates a novel approach to determine interesting categorical attributes for lists of entities. Once identified, such categories are of immense value to allow constraining (filtering) a current view of a user to…
This paper explores the information-theoretic measure entropy to detect metaphoric change, transferring ideas from hypernym detection to research on language change. We also build the first diachronic test set for German as a standard for…
We present a web-based environment that connects annotation, abstraction, and argumentation during the interpretation of text. As a visual interface for scholarly reading and writing, Textarium combines human analysis with lightweight…
Text plays a fundamental yet understudied role as a narrative device in data visualization. While existing research has extensively explored text as data input and interaction modality, its function in supporting storytelling and…
Large language models (LLMs) represent words through contextual word embeddings encoding different language properties like semantics and syntax. Understanding these properties is crucial, especially for researchers investigating language…
Better representation of the uncertainty in a data visualisation is a focus of recent research activity. A problem with the current literature is that there is a lack of clarity about the definition of uncertainty and what it means to…
We measured entropy and symbolic diversity for English and Spanish texts including literature Nobel laureates and other famous authors. Entropy, symbol diversity and symbol frequency profiles were compared for these four groups. We also…
Binscatter is a popular method for visualizing bivariate relationships and conducting informal specification testing. We study the properties of this method formally and develop enhanced visualization and econometric binscatter tools. These…
As machine learning models are increasingly considered for high-stakes domains, effective explanation methods are crucial to ensure that their prediction strategies are transparent to the user. Over the years, numerous metrics have been…
Glyph-based visualization is an effective tool for depicting multivariate information. Since sorting is one of the most common analytical tasks performed on individual attributes of a multi-dimensional data set, this motivates the…
Reading text from images (either natural scenes or documents) has been a long-standing research topic for decades, due to the high technical challenge and wide application range. Previously, individual specialist models are developed to…
By optimizing aesthetics, graph diagrams can be generated that are easier to read and understand. However, the challenge lies in identifying suitable aesthetics. We present a novel approach based on repertory grids to explore the design…