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Schroedinger's great discovery of wave mechanics in 1926 - his annus mirabilis - is discussed in detail. Beside the six most important papers that appeared during the first half of 1926, letters between Schroedinger and leading physicists…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Norbert Straumann

In this note, we discuss a historical point regarding Schr\"odinger's discovery of the famous quantum wave equation in 1926 following de Broglie's fundamental works published in 1923-1925 regarding the introduction of matter waves. Drawing…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2024-04-10 Aurélien Drezet

Matter waves were discovered in the early 20th century from their wavelength, predicted by DeBroglie, Planck's constant divided by the particle's momentum, that is, lmw = h/mv. But, the failure to obtain a reasonable theory for the matter…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Roger Ellman

Now that we have reached the centennial of Erwin Schrodinger's seminal paper introducing the wavefunction theory of matter, it is right and proper to inquire as to its legacy. It is undeniable that today every paper in atomic physics cites…

General Physics · Physics 2026-02-11 W. David Wick

Erwin Schrodinger (1939) proved that quantum wave functions coevolve with the curved spacetime of the Friedmann universe. Schrodinger's derivation explains the Hubble redshift of photons in an expanding universe, the energy changes of…

General Physics · Physics 2009-04-21 W. Q. Sumner , D. Y. Sumner

We discuss the discovery of the relativistic wave equation for a spin-zero charged particle in the Coulomb field by Erwin Schr\"odinger (and elaborate on why he didn't publish it).

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-03-04 Kamal Barley , José Vega-Guzmán , Andreas Ruffing , Sergei K. Suslov

In 1926, Erwin Schrodinger wrote a series of papers that invented wave mechanics and set the foundation for much of the single-particle quantum mechanics that we teach today. In his first paper, he solved the Schrodinger equation using the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-17 Anna Galler , Jeremy Canfield , James K. Freericks

Schroedinger's equation gave early quantum theory a visual language that looked like physics again: a wave evolving by a linear differential equation. This essay argues that the same success also seeded a recurring impulse to keep quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-05 Caslav Brukner

The origin of quantum physics was the discovery of the base unit of electromagnetic action $h$ by Max Planck in 1900 when he analyzed the experimental results of the black body radiation. This permitted Albert Einstein a few years later to…

The year 2025 marked the centennial of quantum mechanics, inaugurated by Heisenberg's matrix formulation and the foundational contributions of Pauli, Schrodinger, and Dirac. Concurrently, 2026 marks the centennial of the Klein - Gordon…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-04-21 Volodimir Simulik , Denys I. Bondar

Following Max Planck's hypothesis of quanta (quant-ph/0012069) and the matter wave idea of Louis de Broglie (quant-ph/9911107), Erwin Schroedinger proposed, at the beginning of 1926, the concept of wavefunction and wave equation for it.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrei P. Kirilyuk

In his 1916 ground-breaking general relativity paper Einstein had imposed a restrictive coordinate condition, his field equations were valid for coordinate systems which are unimodular. Later, Einstein published a paper on gravitational…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-02-15 Galina Weinstein

This review describes the discovery of gravitational waves. We recount the journey of predicting and finding those waves, since its beginning in the early twentieth century, their prediction by Einstein in 1916, theoretical and experimental…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2016-09-30 Jorge L. Cervantes-Cota , Salvador Galindo-Uribarri , George F. Smoot

Heisenberg's breakthrough in his July 1925 paper that set in motion the development of Quantum Mechanics through subsequent papers by Born, Jordan, Heisenberg and also Dirac (from 1925 to 1927) is reexamined through a modern lens. In this…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-08-09 Tuck C. Choy

In this paper I explain how I usually introduce the Schr\"odinger equation during the quantum mechanics course. My preferred method is the chronological one. Since the Schr\"odinger equation belongs to a special case of wave equations I…

Physics Education · Physics 2021-01-15 T. Mart

A history and drama of the development of quantum probability theory is outlined starting from the discovery of the Plank's constant exactly a 100 years ago. It is shown that before the rise of quantum mechanics 75 years ago, the quantum…

Probability · Mathematics 2007-05-23 V. P. Belavkin

In the present article, we discuss one of the basic relations of Quantum Mechanics - the Uncertainty Relation (UR). In 1930, few years after Heisenberg, Erwin Schrodinger generalized the famous Uncertainty Relation in Quantum Mechanics,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-06-07 A Angelow

Schrodinger path to the quantum mechanical wave equation was heuristic and guided more by physical intuition than formal deduction. Here we derive the Schrodinger equation for the particle wave function, assuming that it has a meaning of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-23 Wenzhuo Zhang , Anatoly Svidzinsky

The atom's orbital electron structure in terms of quantum numbers (principal, azimuthal, magnetic and spin) results in space for a maximum of: 2 electrons in the n=1 orbit, 8 electrons in the n=2 orbit, 18 electrons in the n=3 orbit, and so…

General Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Roger Ellman

A physically real wave associated with any moving particle and travelling in a surrounding material medium was introduced by Louis de Broglie in a series of short notes in 1923 and in a more complete form in his thesis defended in Paris on…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-09-25 Andrei P. Kirilyuk
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