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Large language models (LLMs) have exploded in popularity due to their new generative capabilities that go far beyond prior state-of-the-art. These technologies are increasingly being leveraged in various domains such as law, finance, and…

Large language model (LLM) inference is limited by high computational cost and memory bandwidth demands, making deployment on heterogeneous many-core processors challenging. Taking the MT-3000 processor used in the Tianhe supercomputer as…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yao Lu , Zhongzhi Luan , Gen Li , Jiaxing Qi , Shiqing Ma , Bin Han , Shizhe Shang , Hailong Yang , Depei Qian

Large Language Models (LLMs) increasingly require processing long text sequences, but GPU memory limitations force difficult trade-offs between memory capacity and bandwidth. While HBM-based acceleration offers high bandwidth, its capacity…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Qingyuan Liu , Liyan Chen , Yanning Yang , Haocheng Wang , Dong Du , Zhigang Mao , Naifeng Jing , Yubin Xia , Haibo Chen

The extremely high computational and storage demands of large language models have excluded most edge devices, which were widely used for efficient machine learning, from being viable options. A typical edge device usually only has 4GB of…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Jindong Li , Tenglong Li , Guobin Shen , Dongcheng Zhao , Qian Zhang , Yi Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized a wide range of domains such as natural language processing, computer vision, and multi-modal tasks due to their ability to comprehend context and perform logical reasoning. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Haoyang Li , Yiming Li , Anxin Tian , Tianhao Tang , Zhanchao Xu , Xuejia Chen , Nicole Hu , Wei Dong , Qing Li , Lei Chen

This paper introduces the Large Memory Model (LM2), a decoder-only Transformer architecture enhanced with an auxiliary memory module that aims to address the limitations of standard Transformers in multi-step reasoning, relational…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jikun Kang , Wenqi Wu , Filippos Christianos , Alex J. Chan , Fraser Greenlee , George Thomas , Marvin Purtorab , Andy Toulis

This paper explores the feasibility and performance of on-device large language model (LLM) inference on various Apple iPhone models. Amidst the rapid evolution of generative AI, on-device LLMs offer solutions to privacy, security, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Tolga Çöplü , Marc Loedi , Arto Bendiken , Mykhailo Makohin , Joshua J. Bouw , Stephen Cobb

Planning is a crucial element of both human intelligence and contemporary large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we initiate a theoretical investigation into the emergence of planning capabilities in Transformer-based LLMs via their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Siwei Wang , Yifei Shen , Shi Feng , Haoran Sun , Shang-Hua Teng , Wei Chen

The recent progression of Large Language Models (LLMs) has witnessed great success in the fields of data-centric applications. LLMs trained on massive textual datasets showed ability to encode not only context but also ability to provide…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Mohammed Hassanin , Nour Moustafa

Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence have led to the development of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs). However, adapting these pre-trained models to dynamic data distributions and various tasks efficiently remains a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Yukang Huo , Hao Tang

Large language models (LLMs) based on transformer architectures are typically described through collections of architectural components and training procedures, obscuring their underlying computational structure. This review article…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Vikram Krishnamurthy

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved state-of-the-art performance on a series of natural language understanding tasks. However, these LLMs might rely on dataset bias and artifacts as shortcuts for prediction. This has significantly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-09 Mengnan Du , Fengxiang He , Na Zou , Dacheng Tao , Xia Hu

Large language models (LLMs) have garnered significant attention and widespread usage due to their impressive performance in various tasks. However, they are not without their own set of challenges, including issues such as hallucinations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-08 Duygu Altinok

The proliferation of wearable technology enables the generation of vast amounts of sensor data, offering significant opportunities for advancements in health monitoring, activity recognition, and personalized medicine. However, the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Emilio Ferrara

Embedding models are a fundamental component of modern AI systems such as semantic search and retrieval-augmented generation. Recent advances in large foundation models have substantially accelerated the development of embedding models,…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Zihang Wang , Siyue Zhang , Yilun Zhao , Jingyi Yang , Tingyu Song , Anh Tuan Luu , Chen Zhao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant promise in automating software development tasks, yet their capabilities with respect to software design tasks remains largely unclear. This study investigates the capabilities of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-11 L. P. Franciscatto Guerra , N. Ernst

The rapid development of the Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) in recent years has been closely linked to their ever-growing and already enormous sizes. Many LLMs contain hundreds of billions of parameters and require dedicated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Mahsa Salmani , Ilya Soloveychik

Interpretable machine learning has exploded as an area of interest over the last decade, sparked by the rise of increasingly large datasets and deep neural networks. Simultaneously, large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Chandan Singh , Jeevana Priya Inala , Michel Galley , Rich Caruana , Jianfeng Gao

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional proficiency in understanding and generating human language, but efficient inference on resource-constrained embedded devices remains challenging due to large model sizes and…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Weihong Xu , Haein Choi , Po-kai Hsu , Shimeng Yu , Tajana Rosing

We explore deep autoregressive Transformer models in language modeling for speech recognition. We focus on two aspects. First, we revisit Transformer model configurations specifically for language modeling. We show that well configured…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-25 Kazuki Irie , Albert Zeyer , Ralf Schlüter , Hermann Ney