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Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across various tasks, yet they often exhibit a specific cultural biases, neglecting the values and linguistic diversity of low-resource regions. This cultural bias not…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Ruixiang Feng , Shen Gao , Xiuying Chen , Lisi Chen , Shuo Shang

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to answer everyday questions, yet their performance on culturally grounded and dialectal content remains uneven across languages. We propose a comprehensive method that (i) translates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Hunzalah Hassan Bhatti , Firoj Alam

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to diverse cultural values is a challenging task, as existing LLMs often reflect the values of specific groups by default, and potentially causing harm to others. In this paper, we present CLCA, a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Chen Cecilia Liu , Anna Korhonen , Iryna Gurevych

Natural Question Answering (QA) datasets play a crucial role in evaluating the capabilities of large language models (LLMs), ensuring their effectiveness in real-world applications. Despite the numerous QA datasets that have been developed…

Most multilingual question-answering benchmarks, while covering a diverse pool of languages, do not factor in regional diversity in the information they capture and tend to be Western-centric. This introduces a significant gap in fairly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Eshaan Tanwar , Anwoy Chatterjee , Michael Saxon , Alon Albalak , William Yang Wang , Tanmoy Chakraborty

To create culturally inclusive vision-language models (VLMs), developing a benchmark that tests their ability to address culturally relevant questions is essential. Existing approaches typically rely on human annotators, making the process…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 ChaeHun Park , Yujin Baek , Jaeseok Kim , Yu-Jung Heo , Du-Seong Chang , Jaegul Choo

Despite the rapid development of large language models (LLMs) for the Korean language, there remains an obvious lack of benchmark datasets that test the requisite Korean cultural and linguistic knowledge. Because many existing Korean…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Eunsu Kim , Juyoung Suk , Philhoon Oh , Haneul Yoo , James Thorne , Alice Oh

With the widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs), respecting indigenous cultures becomes essential for models' culturally safety and responsible global applications. Existing studies separately consider cultural safety and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Hankun Kang , Di Lin , Zhirong Liao , Pengfei Bai , Xinyi Zeng , Jiawei Jiang , Yuanyuan Zhu , Tieyun Qian

Large language models (LLMs) have made significant strides in code generation, achieving impressive capabilities in synthesizing code snippets from natural language instructions. However, a critical challenge remains in ensuring LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Jian Yang , Wei Zhang , Yizhi Li , Shawn Guo , Haowen Wang , Aishan Liu , Ge Zhang , Zili Wang , Zhoujun Li , Xianglong Liu , Weifeng Lv

Large language models (LLMs) are now used worldwide, yet their multimodal understanding and reasoning often degrade outside Western, high-resource settings. We propose MMA-ASIA, a comprehensive framework to evaluate LLMs' cultural awareness…

Understanding culture requires reasoning across context, tradition, and implicit social knowledge, far beyond recalling isolated facts. Yet most culturally focused question answering (QA) benchmarks rely on single-hop questions, which may…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Vynska Amalia Permadi , Xingwei Tan , Nafise Sadat Moosavi , Nikos Aletras

We present $\textbf{Korean SimpleQA (KoSimpleQA)}$, a benchmark for evaluating factuality in large language models (LLMs) with a focus on Korean cultural knowledge. KoSimpleQA is designed to be challenging yet easy to grade, consisting of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-22 Donghyeon Ko , Yeguk Jin , Kyubyung Chae , Byungwook Lee , Chansong Jo , Sookyo In , Jaehong Lee , Taesup Kim , Donghyun Kwak

Cultural alignment in Large Language Models (LLMs) is essential for producing contextually aware, respectful, and trustworthy outputs. Without it, models risk generating stereotyped, insensitive, or misleading responses that fail to reflect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-22 Gautam Siddharth Kashyap , Mark Dras , Usman Naseem

As large language models (LLMs) become increasingly accessible in many countries, it is essential to align them to serve pluralistic human values across cultures. However, pluralistic culture alignment in LLMs remain an open problem. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Shaoyang Xu , Yongqi Leng , Linhao Yu , Deyi Xiong

Progress in cross-lingual modeling depends on challenging, realistic, and diverse evaluation sets. We introduce Multilingual Knowledge Questions and Answers (MKQA), an open-domain question answering evaluation set comprising 10k…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-18 Shayne Longpre , Yi Lu , Joachim Daiber

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in culturally sensitive real-world tasks. However, existing cultural alignment approaches fail to align LLMs' broad cultural values with the specific goals of downstream tasks and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Binchi Zhang , Xujiang Zhao , Jundong Li , Haifeng Chen , Zhengzhang Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown significant progress in Open-domain question answering (ODQA), yet most evaluations focus on English and assume locale-invariant answers across languages. This assumption neglects the cultural and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Keon-Woo Roh , Yeong-Joon Ju , Seong-Whan Lee

Although Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities across various tasks, they exhibit significant performance discrepancies across languages. While prompting LLMs in English typically yields the highest general…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Andrew Ivan Soegeng , Patrick Sutanto , Tan Sang Nguyen

We introduce KoLasSimpleQA, the first benchmark evaluating the multilingual factual ability of Large Language Models (LLMs). Inspired by existing research, we created the question set with features such as single knowledge point coverage,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Bowen Jiang , Runchuan Zhu , Jiang Wu , Zinco Jiang , Yifan He , Junyuan Gao , Jia Yu , Rui Min , Yinfan Wang , Haote Yang , Songyang Zhang , Dahua Lin , Lijun Wu , Conghui He

We propose KMMLU, a new Korean benchmark with 35,030 expert-level multiple-choice questions across 45 subjects ranging from humanities to STEM. While prior Korean benchmarks are translated from existing English benchmarks, KMMLU is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Guijin Son , Hanwool Lee , Sungdong Kim , Seungone Kim , Niklas Muennighoff , Taekyoon Choi , Cheonbok Park , Kang Min Yoo , Stella Biderman
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