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Zero-shot cross-lingual transfer is promising, however has been shown to be sub-optimal, with inferior transfer performance across low-resource languages. In this work, we envision languages as domains for improving zero-shot transfer by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Shanu Kumar , Abbaraju Soujanya , Sandipan Dandapat , Sunayana Sitaram , Monojit Choudhury

Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) models demonstrate outstanding performance on high-resource languages but face significant challenges when applied to low-resource languages due to limited training data and insufficient cross-lingual…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-17 Ming-Hao Hsu , Hung-yi Lee

Domain adaptation faces a fundamental paradox in the cold-start regime. When target data is scarce, statistical methods fail to distinguish relevant source domains from irrelevant ones, which often leads to negative transfer. In this paper,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Qiyuan Chen , Jiayu Zhou , Raed Al Kontar

Recent improvements in multilingual ASR have not been equally distributed across languages and language varieties. To advance state-of-the-art (SOTA) ASR models, we present the Interspeech 2025 ML-SUPERB 2.0 Challenge. We construct a new…

Multilingual Neural Machine Translation (MNMT) for low-resource languages (LRL) can be enhanced by the presence of related high-resource languages (HRL), but the relatedness of HRL usually relies on predefined linguistic assumptions about…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-31 Surafel M. Lakew , Alina Karakanta , Marcello Federico , Matteo Negri , Marco Turchi

Recent multilingual pretrained language models (mPLMs) often avoid using language embeddings -- learnable vectors assigned to individual languages. However, this places a significant burden on token representations to encode all…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Yihong Liu , Haotian Ye , Chunlan Ma , Mingyang Wang , Hinrich Schütze

Transcribed datasets typically contain speaker identity for each instance in the data. We investigate two ways to incorporate this information during training: Multi-Task Learning and Adversarial Learning. In multi-task learning, the goal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-15 Yossi Adi , Neil Zeghidour , Ronan Collobert , Nicolas Usunier , Vitaliy Liptchinsky , Gabriel Synnaeve

This paper proposes an improved approach for open-set speaker identification based on pretrained speaker foundation models. Building upon the previous Speaker Reciprocal Points Learning framework (V1), we first introduce an enhanced…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-16 Zhiyong Chen , Shuhang Wu , Yingjie Duan , Xinkang Xu , Xinhui Hu

Transformer-based language models have achieved remarkable success in few-shot in-context learning and drawn a lot of research interest. However, these models' performance greatly depends on the choice of the example prompts and also has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Genta Indra Winata , Liang-Kang Huang , Soumya Vadlamannati , Yash Chandarana

Multi-lingual contextualized embeddings, such as multilingual-BERT (mBERT), have shown success in a variety of zero-shot cross-lingual tasks. However, these models are limited by having inconsistent contextualized representations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Libo Qin , Minheng Ni , Yue Zhang , Wanxiang Che

Speech emotion recognition (SER) has attracted great attention in recent years due to the high demand for emotionally intelligent speech interfaces. Deriving speaker-invariant representations for speech emotion recognition is crucial. In…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-03-25 Ming Tu , Yun Tang , Jing Huang , Xiaodong He , Bowen Zhou

Prompt-based methods leverage the knowledge of pre-trained language models (PLMs) trained with a masked language modeling (MLM) objective; however, these methods are sensitive to template, verbalizer, and few-shot instance selection,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Mohna Chakraborty , Adithya Kulkarni , Qi Li

Multi-lingual language models (LM), such as mBERT, XLM-R, mT5, mBART, have been remarkably successful in enabling natural language tasks in low-resource languages through cross-lingual transfer from high-resource ones. In this work, we try…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Benjamin Muller , Deepanshu Gupta , Siddharth Patwardhan , Jean-Philippe Fauconnier , David Vandyke , Sachin Agarwal

Multilingual Language Models (\MLLMs) such as mBERT, XLM, XLM-R, \textit{etc.} have emerged as a viable option for bringing the power of pretraining to a large number of languages. Given their success in zero-shot transfer learning, there…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-12-24 Sumanth Doddapaneni , Gowtham Ramesh , Mitesh M. Khapra , Anoop Kunchukuttan , Pratyush Kumar

Current multilingual vision-language models either require a large number of additional parameters for each supported language, or suffer performance degradation as languages are added. In this paper, we propose a Scalable Multilingual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-31 Andrea Burns , Donghyun Kim , Derry Wijaya , Kate Saenko , Bryan A. Plummer

Static and contextual multilingual embeddings have complementary strengths. Static embeddings, while less expressive than contextual language models, can be more straightforwardly aligned across multiple languages. We combine the strengths…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-18 Katharina Hämmerl , Jindřich Libovický , Alexander Fraser

Self-supervised learning (SSL) in the pretraining stage using un-annotated speech data has been successful in low-resource automatic speech recognition (ASR) tasks. However, models trained through SSL are biased to the pretraining data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-06-17 Ruchao Fan , Abeer Alwan

Aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA) has received substantial attention in English, yet challenges remain for low-resource languages due to the scarcity of labelled data. Current cross-lingual ABSA approaches often rely on external…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Jakub Šmíd , Pavel Přibáň , Pavel Král

The majority of language model training builds on imitation learning. It covers pretraining, supervised fine-tuning, and affects the starting conditions for reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). The simplicity and scalability…

Multilingual speech data often suffer from long-tailed language distribution, resulting in performance degradation. However, multilingual text data is much easier to obtain, yielding a more useful general language model. Hence, we are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Kwanghee Choi , Hyung-Min Park