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Since its launch in late 2022, ChatGPT has ignited widespread interest in Large Language Models (LLMs) and broader Artificial Intelligence (AI) solutions. As this new wave of AI permeates various sectors of society, we are continually…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-18 Juho Vepsäläinen , Petri Juntunen

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have quickly become part of student programmers' toolkits, whether allowed by instructors or not. This paper examines how introductory programming (CS1) students integrate LLMs into their…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jade Hak , Nathaniel Lam Johnson , Matin Amoozadeh , Amin Alipour , Souti Chattopadhyay

Many Large Language Model (LLM) chatbots are designed and used for companionship, and people have reported forming friendships, mentorships, and romantic partnerships with them. Concerns that companion chatbots may harm or replace real…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Rose E. Guingrich , Michael S. A. Graziano

Large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and Google Bard have garnered significant attention in the academic community. Previous research has evaluated these LLMs for various applications such as generating programming exercises and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-08 Ishika Joshi , Ritvik Budhiraja , Harshal D Akolekar , Jagat Sesh Challa , Dhruv Kumar

The quickly growing popularity of AI companions poses risks to mental health, personal wellbeing, and social relationships. Past work has identified many individual factors that can drive human-companion interaction, but we know little…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang , Fiona Li , Jacy Reese Anthis , Hayoun Noh

As people increasingly seek emotional support and companionship from AI chatbots, understanding how such interactions impact mental well-being becomes critical. We conducted a four-week randomized controlled experiment (n=981, >300k…

Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots powered by a large language model (LLM) are entering young children's learning and play, yet little is known about how young children construe these agents or how such construals relate to engagement.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Pilyoung Kim , Jenna H. Chin , Yun Xie , Nolan Brady , Tom Yeh , Sujin Yang

Despite the well-established importance of feedback in education, the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI)-generated feedback, particularly from language models like ChatGPT, remains understudied in translation education. This study…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Simin Xu , Yanfang Su , Kanglong Liu

LLM-driven chatbots like ChatGPT have created large volumes of conversational data, but little is known about how user privacy expectations are evolving with this technology. We conduct a survey experiment with 300 US ChatGPT users to…

People experiencing severe distress increasingly use Large Language Model (LLM) chatbots as mental health support tools. Discussions on social media have described how engagements were lifesaving for some, but evidence suggests that…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-05-12 Inhwa Song , Sachin R. Pendse , Neha Kumar , Munmun De Choudhury

The landscape of software developer learning resources has continuously evolved, with recent trends favoring engaging formats like video tutorials. The emergence of Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT presents a new learning paradigm.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Ahmad Tayeb , Mohammad D. Alahmadi , Elham Tajik , Sonia Haiduc

Large language models are increasingly used for both task-based assistance and social companionship, yet research has typically focused on one or the other. Drawing on a survey (N = 202) and 30 interviews with high-engagement ChatGPT and…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Aikaterina Manoli , Janet V. T. Pauketat , Ali Ladak , Hayoun Noh , Angel Hsing-Chi Hwang , Jacy Reese Anthis

This study explores the integration of AI, particularly large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT, into educational settings, focusing on the implications for teaching and learning. Through interviews with course coordinators from data…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-02 J. A. Hageman , C. F. W. Peeters

Artificial Intelligence (AI), with ChatGPT as a prominent example, has recently taken center stage in various domains including higher education, particularly in Computer Science and Engineering (CSE). The AI revolution brings both…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-07-09 Zhangying He , Thomas Nguyen , Tahereh Miari , Mehrdad Aliasgari , Setareh Rafatirad , Hossein Sayadi

While recent studies have examined the leaning impact of large language model (LLM) in educational contexts, the affective dynamics of LLM-mediated tutoring remain insufficiently understood. This work introduces the first ensemble-LLM…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Chenyu Zhang , Sharifa Alghowinem , Cynthia Breazeal

The new capabilities of generative artificial intelligence tools Generative AI, such as ChatGPT, allow users to interact with the system in intuitive ways, such as simple conversations, and receive (mostly) good-quality answers. These…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Matin Amoozadeh , Daye Nam , Daniel Prol , Ali Alfageeh , James Prather , Michael Hilton , Sruti Srinivasa Ragavan , Mohammad Amin Alipour

As AI chatbots increasingly incorporate empathy, understanding user-centered perceptions of chatbot empathy and its impact on conversation quality remains essential yet under-explored. This study examines how chatbot identity and perceived…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Tingting Liu , Salvatore Giorgi , Ankit Aich , Allison Lahnala , Brenda Curtis , Lyle Ungar , João Sedoc

In the evolving landscape of digital education, chatbots have emerged as potential game-changers, promising personalized and adaptive learning experiences. This research undertook an in-depth exploration of ChatGPT's potential as an…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Holger Arndt

Large Language Models (LLMs) have significantly advanced user-bot interactions, enabling more complex and coherent dialogues. However, the prevalent text-only modality might not fully exploit the potential for effective user engagement.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Lichao Zhang , Jia Yu , Shuai Zhang , Long Li , Yangyang Zhong , Guanbao Liang , Yuming Yan , Qing Ma , Fangsheng Weng , Fayu Pan , Jing Li , Renjun Xu , Zhenzhong Lan

Providing sufficient support for students requires substantial resources, especially considering the growing enrollment numbers. Students need help in a variety of tasks, ranging from information-seeking to requiring support with course…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Leonardo Pasquarelli , Charles Koutcheme , Arto Hellas