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Online social platforms are beset with hateful speech - content that expresses hatred for a person or group of people. Such content can frighten, intimidate, or silence platform users, and some of it can inspire other users to commit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-02 Haji Mohammad Saleem , Kelly P Dillon , Susan Benesch , Derek Ruths

The exponential increase in the use of the Internet and social media over the last two decades has changed human interaction. This has led to many positive outcomes, but at the same time it has brought risks and harms. While the volume of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Neeraj Vashistha , Arkaitz Zubiaga , Shanky Sharma

Hate content in social media is ever-increasing. While Facebook, Twitter, Google have attempted to take several steps to tackle the hateful content, they have mostly been unsuccessful. Counterspeech is seen as an effective way of tackling…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Binny Mathew , Punyajoy Saha , Hardik Tharad , Subham Rajgaria , Prajwal Singhania , Suman Kalyan Maity , Pawan Goyal , Animesh Mukherje

While extensive popularity of online social media platforms has made information dissemination faster, it has also resulted in widespread online abuse of different types like hate speech, offensive language, sexist and racist opinions, etc.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-09 Mohit Chandra , Ashwin Pathak , Eesha Dutta , Paryul Jain , Manish Gupta , Manish Shrivastava , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

Online harms are a growing problem in digital spaces, putting user safety at risk and reducing trust in social media platforms. One of the most persistent forms of harm is hate speech. To address this, we need tools that combine the speed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Paloma Piot , Diego Sánchez , Javier Parapar

Online sexual predators target children by building trust, creating dependency, and arranging meetings for sexual purposes. This poses a significant challenge for online communication platforms that strive to monitor and remove such content…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Masanori Takano , Mao Nishiguchi , Fujio Toriumi

While social media has become an empowering agent to individual voices and freedom of expression, it also facilitates anti-social behaviors including online harassment, cyberbullying, and hate speech. In this paper, we present the first…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2018-04-13 Mai ElSherief , Shirin Nilizadeh , Dana Nguyen , Giovanni Vigna , Elizabeth Belding

Hate speech is one type of harmful online content which directly attacks or promotes hate towards a group or an individual member based on their actual or perceived aspects of identity, such as ethnicity, religion, and sexual orientation.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-18 Wenjie Yin , Arkaitz Zubiaga

Counterspeech, i.e., responses to counteract potential harms of hateful speech, has become an increasingly popular solution to address online hate speech without censorship. However, properly countering hateful language requires countering…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Jimin Mun , Emily Allaway , Akhila Yerukola , Laura Vianna , Sarah-Jane Leslie , Maarten Sap

WhatsApp is the most popular messaging app in the world. The closed nature of the app, in addition to the ease of transferring multimedia and sharing information to large-scale groups make WhatsApp unique among other platforms, where an…

With the rise of social media, a rise of hateful content can be observed. Even though the understanding and definitions of hate speech varies, platforms, communities, and legislature all acknowledge the problem. Therefore, adolescents are a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jan Fillies , Silvio Peikert , Adrian Paschke

Hate speech has become pervasive in today's digital age. Although there has been considerable research to detect hate speech or generate counter speech to combat hateful views, these approaches still cannot completely eliminate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Vibhor Agarwal , Yu Chen , Nishanth Sastry

Hate speech on social media threatens the mental and physical well-being of individuals and contributes to real-world violence. Resharing is an important driver behind the spread of hate speech on social media. Yet, little is known about…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Dominique Geissler , Abdurahman Maarouf , Stefan Feuerriegel

Social media and the internet have become an integral part of how people spread and consume information. Over a period of time, social media evolved dramatically, and almost half of the population is using social media to express their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-03 Anjum , Rahul Katarya

The proliferation of harmful and offensive content is a problem that many online platforms face today. One of the most common approaches for moderating offensive content online is via the identification and removal after it has been posted,…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2021-12-03 Matthew Katsaros , Kathy Yang , Lauren Fratamico

Recently research has started focusing on avoiding undesired effects that come with content moderation, such as censorship and overblocking, when dealing with hatred online. The core idea is to directly intervene in the discussion with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Serra Sinem Tekiroglu , Yi-Ling Chung , Marco Guerini

Some users of social media are spreading racist, sexist, and otherwise hateful content. For the purpose of training a hate speech detection system, the reliability of the annotations is crucial, but there is no universally agreed-upon…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-01-30 Björn Ross , Michael Rist , Guillermo Carbonell , Benjamin Cabrera , Nils Kurowsky , Michael Wojatzki

This study examines whether following popular Nigerian sports betting influencers on social media is a financially sound strategy. To avoid the survivorship bias that occurs when influencers only share their winning bets, we tracked 5,467…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Kayode Makinde , Oluwatimileyin Onasanya , Frances Adelakun

Background: Social media public health campaigns have the advantage of tailored messaging at low cost and large reach, but little is known about what would determine their feasibility as tools for inducing attitude and behavior change.…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Aisling Gough , Ruth F Hunter , Oluwaseun Ajao , Anna Jurek , Gary McKeown , Jun Hong , Eimear Barrett , Marbeth Ferguson , Gerry McElwee , Miriam McCarthy , Frank Kee

Content warning: This work displays examples of explicit and/or strongly offensive language. Fueled by a surge of anti-Asian xenophobia and prejudice during the COVID-19 pandemic, many have taken to social media to express these negative…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-29 Huy Nghiem , Fred Morstatter