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Movable antenna (MA) technology exhibits great promise for enhancing the sensing capabilities of future sixth-generation (6G) networks due to its capability to alter antenna array geometry. With the growing prevalence of near-field…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Yushen Wang , Weidong Mei , Xin Wei , Ya Fei Wu , Zhi Chen , Boyu Ning

This work is devoted to solve the problem of estimating the carrier frequency offset, phase offset, amplitude, and SNR between two mmWave transceivers. The Cram\'{e}r-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) for the different parameters is provided first, as…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Javier Rodríguez-Fernández , Nuria González-Prelcic , Robert W. Heath

In modern radar systems, precise target localization using azimuth and velocity estimation is paramount. Traditional unbiased estimation methods have utilized gradient descent algorithms to reach the theoretical limits of the Cramer Rao…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-24 Shyam Venkatasubramanian , Sandeep Gogineni , Bosung Kang , Muralidhar Rangaswamy

With the advent of extremely large-scale MIMO (XL-MIMO), mmWave/THz bands and ultra-wideband transmission, future 6G systems demand real-time positioning with centimeter or even millimeter level accuracy. This paper addresses the pronounced…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Aibiao Zhang , Weizheng Zhang , Chiya Zhang

Precise Time-of-Arrival (TOA) estimations of aircraft and drone signals are important for a wide set of applications including aircraft/drone tracking, air traffic data verification, or self-localization. Our focus in this work is on TOA…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-02-21 Roberto Calvo-Palomino , Fabio Ricciato , Blaz Repas , Domenico Giustiniano , Vincent Lenders

In this paper, a novel two-dimensional super-resolution angle-of-departure (AoD) and angle-of-arrival (AoA) estimation technique is proposed for wideband millimeter-wave multiple-input multiple-output systems with cross-polarized antenna…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-02-09 Dalin Zhu , Junil Choi , Robert W. Heath

As massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) becomes popular, direction of arrival (DOA) measurement has been made a real renaissance due to the high-resolution achieved. Thus, there is no doubt about DOA estimation using massive MIMO.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-18 Jiangzhou Wang , Baihua Shi , Feng Shu , Qi Zhang , Di Wu , Qijuan Jie , Zhihong Zhuang , Siling Feng , Yijin Zhang

The problem on the Cramer-Rao Lower Bounds (CRLBs) for the joint time delay and Doppler stretch estimation of an extended target is considered in this paper. The integral representations of the CRLBs for both the time delay and the Doppler…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2018-08-30 Tong Zhao , Tianyao Huang

signal direction-of-arrival estimation using an array of sensors has been the subject of intensive research and development during the last two decades. Efforts have been directed to both, better solutions for the general data model and to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-11-13 Farzan Haddadi , Mohammad Mahdi Nayebi , Mohammad Reza Aref

Target parameter estimation performance is investigated for a radar employing a set of widely separated transmitting and receiving antenna arrays. Cases with multiple extended targets are considered under two signal model assumptions:…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-08-02 Peter Khomchuk , Igal Bilik , Rick S. Blum

In this report we present an analysis of the non-random and the Bayesian Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) for the joint estimation of angle-of-arrival (AoA), angle-of-departure (AoD), and the multipath amplitudes, for the millimeter-wave…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-04 Laxminarayana S Pillutla , Ramesh Annavajjala

Modern mobile communication receivers are often implemented with a direct-conversion architecture, which features a number of advantages over competing designs. A notable limitation of direct-conversion architectures, however, is their…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-17 Moritz Tockner , Oliver Lang , Andreas Meingassner-Lang , Mario Huemer

In this work, a system scheme is proposed for tracking a radio emitting target moving in two-dimensional space. The localization is based on the use of biased time-of-arrival (TOA) measurements obtained at two asynchronous receivers, each…

Systems and Control · Computer Science 2014-05-14 Siamak Yousefi , Xiao-Wen Chang , Benoit Champagne

In this paper, we study a multi-input multi-output (MIMO) beamforming design in an integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) system, in which an ISAC base station (BS) is used to communicate with multiple downlink users and simultaneously…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Chao Hu , Yuan Fang , Ling Qiu

In millimeter-wave channels, most of the received energy is carried by a few paths. Traditional precoders sweep the angle-of-departure (AoD) and angle-of-arrival (AoA) space with directional precoders to identify directions with largest…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2018-11-14 Nil Garcia , Henk Wymeersch , Dirk Slock

This paper presents an analysis of target localization accuracy, attainable by the use of MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) radar systems, configured with multiple transmit and receive sensors, widely distributed over a given area. The…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2016-11-18 Hana Godrich , Alexander M. Haimovich , Rick S. Blum

This paper conveys the theoretical sensing capability of a Joint Communication and Sensing (JCAS) system that utilizes a True-Time-Delay (TTD) array configuration. The TTD beamformer separates subcarrier beams into different angular…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-03-29 Ben Willetts

Automotive Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) radars have gained significant traction in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Autonomous Vehicles (AV) due to their cost-effectiveness, resilience to challenging operating…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Zhaoxuan Zhu , Chulong Chen , Bo Yang

In dual-functional communication-radar systems, common radio frequency (RF) signals are used for both communication and detection. For better compatibility with existing communication systems, we adopt multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO)…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-14 Chen Zhong , Chunrong Gu , Lan Tang , Yechao Bai , Mengting Lou

Angle of arrival (AOA) is widely used to locate a wireless signal emitter in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) localization. Compared with received signal strength (RSS) and time of arrival (TOA), it has higher accuracy and is not sensitive to…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-17 Baihua Shi , Yifan Li , Guilu Wu , Shihao Yan , Feng Shu