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In order for AI systems to communicate effectively with people, they must understand how we make decisions. However, people's decisions are not always rational, so the implicit internal models of human decision-making in Large Language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Ryan Liu , Jiayi Geng , Joshua C. Peterson , Ilia Sucholutsky , Thomas L. Griffiths

The adoption of generative AI technologies is swiftly expanding. Services employing both linguistic and mul-timodal models are evolving, offering users increasingly precise responses. Consequently, human reliance on these technologies is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-11-17 Jaeyoun You , Bongwon Suh

Background: What counts as violence is neither self-evident nor universally agreed upon. While physical aggression is prototypical, contemporary societies increasingly debate whether exclusion, humiliation, online harassment or symbolic…

Physics and Society · Physics 2026-02-20 Mariachiara Stellato , Francesco Lancia , Chiara Galeazzi , Nico Curti

Large language models (LLMs) generate diverse, situated, persuasive texts from a plurality of potential perspectives, influenced heavily by their prompts and training data. As part of LLM adoption, we seek to characterize - and ideally,…

While robots have previously utilized rule-based systems or probabilistic models for user interaction, the rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs) presents new opportunities to develop LLM-powered robots for enhanced human-robot…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Dakota Sullivan , Shirley Zhang , Jennica Li , Heather Kirkorian , Bilge Mutlu , Kassem Fawaz

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being used for tasks where outputs shape human decisions, so it is critical to verify that their responses consistently reflect desired human values. Humans, as individuals or groups, don't…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Aman Gupta , Denny O'Shea , Fazl Barez

Existing behavioral alignment techniques for Large Language Models (LLMs) often neglect the discrepancy between surface compliance and internal unaligned representations, leaving LLMs vulnerable to long-tail risks. More crucially, we posit…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Lingyu Li , Yan Teng , Yingchun Wang

Are AI systems truly representing human values, or merely averaging across them? Our study suggests a concerning reality: Large Language Models (LLMs) fail to represent diverse cultural moral frameworks despite their linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Simon Münker

Questionnaire-based surveys are foundational to social science research and public policymaking, yet traditional survey methods remain costly, time-consuming, and often limited in scale. Although prior work has explored large language…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Jianpeng Zhao , Chenyu Yuan , Weiming Luo , Haoling Xie , Guangwei Zhang , Steven Jige Quan , Zixuan Yuan , Pengyang Wang , Denghui Zhang

As Large Language Models (LLMs) transition from static tools to autonomous agents, traditional evaluation benchmarks that measure performance on downstream tasks are becoming insufficient. These methods fail to capture the emergent social…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-03 Zarreen Reza

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as proxies for human judgment in computational social science, yet their ability to reproduce patterns of susceptibility to misinformation remains unclear. We test whether LLM-simulated…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Eun Cheol Choi , Lindsay E. Young , Emilio Ferrara

Aligning Large Language Models (LLMs) with human values and away from undesirable behaviors (such as hallucination) has become increasingly important. Recently, steering LLMs towards a desired behavior via activation editing has emerged as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-21 Anmol Goel , Yaxi Hu , Iryna Gurevych , Amartya Sanyal

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across diverse applications that demand balancing multiple, often conflicting, objectives -- such as helpfulness, harmlessness, or humor. Many traditional methods for aligning outputs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Jeremy Carleton , Debajoy Mukherjee , Srinivas Shakkottai , Dileep Kalathil

Contemporary research in social sciences increasingly utilizes state-of-the-art generative language models to annotate or generate content. While these models achieve benchmark-leading performance on common language tasks, their application…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Simon Münker

Large language models implicitly encode preferences over human values, yet steering them often requires large training data. In this work, we investigate a simple approach: Can we reliably modify a model's value system in downstream…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Shangrui Nie , Florian Mai , David Kaczér , Charles Welch , Zhixue Zhao , Lucie Flek

As Large Language Models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into everyday life and information ecosystems, concerns about their implicit biases continue to persist. While prior work has primarily examined socio-demographic and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-09 David Guzman Piedrahita , Irene Strauss , Bernhard Schölkopf , Rada Mihalcea , Zhijing Jin

Large language model (LLM) agents with extended autonomy unlock new capabilities, but also introduce heightened challenges for LLM safety. In particular, an LLM agent may pursue objectives that deviate from human values and ethical norms, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Chen Chen , Kim Young Il , Yuan Yang , Wenhao Su , Yilin Zhang , Xueluan Gong , Qian Wang , Yongsen Zheng , Ziyao Liu , Kwok-Yan Lam

Modern language models are trained on large amounts of data. These data inevitably include controversial and stereotypical content, which contains all sorts of biases related to gender, origin, age, etc. As a result, the models express…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Aleksandra Sorokovikova , Pavel Chizhov , Iuliia Eremenko , Ivan P. Yamshchikov

Language models (LMs) are increasingly used to simulate human-like responses in scenarios where accurately mimicking a population's behavior can guide decision-making, such as in developing educational materials and designing public…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Joy He-Yueya , Wanjing Anya Ma , Kanishk Gandhi , Benjamin W. Domingue , Emma Brunskill , Noah D. Goodman

Climate change is a major socio-scientific issue shapes public decision-making and policy discussions. As large language models (LLMs) increasingly serve as an interface for accessing climate knowledge, whether existing benchmarks reflect…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Oucheng Liu , Lexing Xie , Jing Jiang