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We first interpret Pell's equation satisfied by Chebyshev polynomials for each degree t, as a certain Positivstellensatz, which then yields for each integer t, what we call a generalized Pell's equation, satisfied by reciprocals of…
We study regularity of a hydrodynamic singular model of collective behavior introduced in \cite{ST1}. In this note we address the question of global well-posedness in multi-dimensional settings. It is shown that any initial data $(u,\rho)$…
We characterize regularity (Block & Marschak, 1960) within a novel stochastic model: the General Threshold Luce model [GTLM]. We apply our results to study choice overload, identified by regularity violations that impose a welfare cost on…
We find new bounds on the conformal dimension of small cancellation groups. These are used to show that a random few relator group has conformal dimension 2+o(1) asymptotically almost surely (a.a.s.). In fact, if the number of relators…
We establish growth tightness for a class of groups acting geometrically on a geodesic metric space and containing a contracting element. As a consequence, any group with nontrivial Floyd boundary are proven to be growth tight with respect…
In their thought-provoking paper [1], Belkin et al. illustrate and discuss the shape of risk curves in the context of modern high-complexity learners. Given a fixed training sample size $n$, such curves show the risk of a learner as a…
We review several statistical complexity measures proposed over the last decade and a half as general indicators of structure or correlation. Recently, Lopez-Ruiz, Mancini, and Calbet [Phys. Lett. A 209 (1995) 321] introduced another…
In order to evaluate the quality of the scientific research, we introduce a new family of scientific performance measures, called Scientific Research Measures (SRM). Our proposal originates from the more recent developments in the theory of…
In this paper, we study the regularity assumptions commonly adopted in bilevel optimization with constrained lower-level problems, including the linear independence constraint qualification, the strict complementary slackness condition, and…
If uncorrelated random variables have a common expected value and decreasing variances then the variance of a sample mean is decreasing with the number of observations. Unfortunately, this natural and desirable Variance Reduction Property…
We show the weak convergence, up to extraction of a subsequence, of the empirical measure for the Keller-Segel system of particles in both subcritical and critical cases, for general initial conditions. This particle system consists of $N$…
Croot, Lev and Pach used a new polynomial technique to give a new exponential upper bound for the size of three-term progression-free subsets in the groups $(\mathbb Z _4)^n$. The main tool in proving their striking result is a simple lemma…
The ordered weighted $\ell_1$ norm (OWL) was recently proposed, with two different motivations: its good statistical properties as a sparsity promoting regularizer; the fact that it generalizes the so-called {\it octagonal shrinkage and…
Density aggregation is a central problem in machine learning, for instance when combining predictions from a Deep Ensemble. The choice of aggregation remains an open question with two commonly proposed approaches being linear pooling…
We extend Szemeredi's Regularity Lemma (SRL) to abstract measure spaces. Our main aim is to find general conditions under which the original proof of Szemeredi still works. To illustrate that our approach has some merit, we outline several…
Many classical examples of models of self-organized dynamics, including the Cucker-Smale, Motsch-Tadmor, multi-species, and several others, include an alignment force that is based upon density-weighted averaging protocol. Those protocols…
The use of group testing to locate all instances of disease in a large population of blood samples was first considered seventy years ago. Since then, several methods have been used to approximate the minimum expected number of tests. The…
This paper explores some sufficient conditions for the enhanced solvability of strong vector equilibrium problems, which can be established via a variational approach. Enhanced solvability here means existence of solutions, which are strong…
We examine the satisfaction of Bell criteria for single realizations of quantum systems. This is possible via the joint noisy measurement of all observables involved in the Bell test.We readily find that every outcome violates Bell bounds…
This study proposes a new efficiency requirement, a minimal almost weak Pareto principle, which says that x is socially better than y whenever the only one individual never prefers y to x, and all the others prefers x to y. Then, I show…