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The discovery of the backpropagation algorithm ranks among one of the most important moments in the history of machine learning, and has made possible the training of large-scale neural networks through its ability to compute gradients at…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-08 Joseph Bowles , David Wierichs , Chae-Yeun Park

We present new optimal and heuristic algorithms for exact synthesis of multi-qubit unitaries and isometries. For example, our algorithms find Clifford and T circuits for unitaries with entries in $\mathbb{Z}[i,1/\sqrt{2}]$. The optimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-30 Vadym Kliuchnikov , Sebastian Schönnenbeck

Existing quantum compilers optimize quantum circuits by applying circuit transformations designed by experts. This approach requires significant manual effort to design and implement circuit transformations for different quantum devices,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Mingkuan Xu , Zikun Li , Oded Padon , Sina Lin , Jessica Pointing , Auguste Hirth , Henry Ma , Jens Palsberg , Alex Aiken , Umut A. Acar , Zhihao Jia

In the quest to achieve scalable quantum information processing technologies, gradient-based optimal control algorithms (e.g., GRAPE) are broadly used for implementing high-precision quantum gates, but their performance is often hindered by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-01-31 Re-Bing Wu , Bing Chu , David Owens , Herschel Rabitz

In the Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) era, finding implementations of quantum algorithms that minimize the number of expensive and error prone multi-qubit gates is vital to ensure computations produce meaningful outputs. Unitary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-06-12 Mathias Weiden , Ed Younis , Justin Kalloor , John Kubiatowicz , Costin Iancu

We gather and examine in detail gate decomposition techniques for continuous-variable quantum computers and also introduce some new techniques which expand on these methods. Both exact and approximate decomposition methods are studied and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-02-10 Timjan Kalajdzievski , Nicolás Quesada

Molecular discovery has brought great benefits to the chemical industry. Various molecule design techniques are developed to identify molecules with desirable properties. Traditional optimization methods, such as genetic algorithms,…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2025-11-05 Chris Zhuang , Debadyuti Mukherjee , Yingzhou Lu , Tianfan Fu , Ruqi Zhang

Quantum circuit simulation is paramount to the verification and optimization of quantum algorithms, and considerable research efforts have been made towards efficient simulators. While circuits often contain high-level gates such as oracles…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-06 Adam Husted Kjelstrøm , Andreas Pavlogiannis , Jaco van de Pol

The creation of composite quantum gates that implement quantum response functions $\hat{U}(\theta)$ dependent on some parameter of interest $\theta$ is often more of an art than a science. Through inspired design, a sequence of $L$…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-02-02 Guang Hao Low , Theodore J. Yoder , Isaac L. Chuang

Sampling noisy intermediate-scale quantum devices is a fundamental step that converts coherent quantum-circuit outputs to measurement data for running variational quantum algorithms that utilize gradient and Hessian methods in cost-function…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-07-04 Y. S. Teo

The relative power of quantum algorithms, using an adaptive access to quantum devices, versus classical post-processing methods that rely only on an initial quantum data set, remains the subject of active debate. Here, we present evidence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-02 Oleksandr Kyriienko , Chukwudubem Umeano , Zoë Holmes

Global minimization is a fundamental challenge in optimization, especially in machine learning, where finding the global minimum of a function directly impacts model performance and convergence. This article introduces a novel optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-31 Seifeddine Achour

Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) is a nonparametric supervised learning method, widely valued for its ability to quantify uncertainty. Despite its advantages and broad applications, classical GPR implementations face significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-25 Junpeng Hu , Jinglai Li , Lei Zhang , Shi Jin

Variational quantum algorithms are promising tools whose efficacy depends on their optimisation method. For noise-free unitary circuits, the quantum generalisation of natural gradient descent has been introduced and shown to be equivalent…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-12 Bálint Koczor , Simon C. Benjamin

Quantum circuit synthesis and compilation are critical components in the quantum computing stack, both for contemporary quantum systems, where efficient use of limited resources is essential, as well as for large-scale fault-tolerant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-21 Jonathan Nemirovsky , Maya Chuchem , Lee Peleg , Yakov Solomons , Amit Ben Kish , Yotam Shapira

As is well known, both sampling from the posterior and computing the mean of the posterior in Gaussian process regression reduces to solving a large linear system of equations. We study the use of stochastic gradient descent for solving…

What is the minimal size quantum circuit required to exactly implement a specified n-qubit unitary operation, U, without the use of ancilla qubits? We show that a lower bound on the minimal size is provided by the length of the minimal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Michael A. Nielsen

Recently, nonadiabatic geometric quantum computation has been received much attention, due to its fast manipulation and intrinsic error-resilience characteristics. However, to obtain universal geometric quantum control, only limited and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-03 Cheng-Yun Ding , Yan Liang , Kai-Zhi Yu , Zheng-Yuan Xue

We develop a global variable substitution method that reduces $n$-variable monomials in combinatorial optimization problems to equivalent instances with monomials in fewer variables. We apply this technique to $3$-SAT and analyze the…

Recently, there has been growing interest in developing optimization methods for solving large-scale machine learning problems. Most of these problems boil down to the problem of minimizing an average of a finite set of smooth and strongly…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-02-09 Aryan Mokhtari , Mert Gürbüzbalaban , Alejandro Ribeiro