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The deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in high-stakes medical settings poses a critical AI alignment challenge, as models can inherit and amplify societal biases, leading to significant disparities. Existing fairness evaluation…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Shreyash Adappanavar , Krithi Shailya , Gokul S Krishnan , Sriraam Natarajan , Balaraman Ravindran

When does a large language model (LLM) know what it does not know? Uncertainty quantification (UQ) provides measures of uncertainty, such as an estimate of the confidence in an LLM's generated output, and is therefore increasingly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Debarun Bhattacharjya , Balaji Ganesan , Junkyu Lee , Radu Marinescu , Katsiaryna Mirylenka , Michael Glass , Xiao Shou

Evaluating large language model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems remains a critical challenge, as these systems must exhibit reliable coordination, transparent decision-making, and verifiable performance across evolving tasks. Existing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-21 YenTing Lee , Keerthi Koneru , Zahra Moslemi , Sheethal Kumar , Ramesh Radhakrishnan

The auditing of financial documents, historically a labor-intensive process, stands on the precipice of transformation. AI-driven solutions have made inroads into streamlining this process by recommending pertinent text passages from…

Active feature acquisition (AFA) is a sequential decision-making problem where the goal is to improve model performance for test instances by adaptively selecting which features to acquire. In practice, AFA methods often learn from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Yuta Kobayashi , Zilin Jing , Jiayu Yao , Hongseok Namkoong , Shalmali Joshi

Large Language Models (LLMs) reproduce social biases, yet prevailing evaluations score models in isolation, obscuring how biases persist across families and releases. We introduce Bias Similarity Measurement (BSM), which treats fairness as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Hyejun Jeong , Shiqing Ma , Amir Houmansadr

Prior work on fairness in large language models (LLMs) has primarily focused on access-level behaviors such as refusals and safety filtering. However, equitable access does not ensure equitable interaction quality once a response is…

Intelligent auditing represents a crucial advancement in modern audit practices, enhancing both the quality and efficiency of audits within the realm of artificial intelligence. With the rise of large language model (LLM), there is enormous…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-16 Jiajia Huang , Haoran Zhu , Chao Xu , Tianming Zhan , Qianqian Xie , Jimin Huang

Applications of multilevel models usually result in binary classification within groups or hierarchies based on a set of input features. For transparent and ethical applications of such models, sound audit frameworks need to be developed.…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Debarati Bhaumik , Diptish Dey , Subhradeep Kayal

Inference-time scaling can amplify reasoning pathologies: sycophancy, rung collapse, and premature certainty. We present RAudit, a diagnostic protocol for auditing LLM reasoning without ground truth access. The key constraint is blindness:…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Edward Y. Chang , Longling Geng

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in various natural language processing tasks, yet they often struggle with maintaining factual accuracy, particularly in knowledge-intensive domains like healthcare. This study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Hieu Tran , Junda Wang , Yujan Ting , Weijing Huang , Terrence Chen

Algorithmic auditing has become central to platform accountability under frameworks such as the AI Act and the Digital Services Act. In practice, this obligation is discharged through dedicated Audit APIs. This architecture creates a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Jade Garcia Bourrée , Erwan Le Merrer , Gilles Tredan , Benoît Rottembourg

Large Language Models are being increasingly deployed as the decision-making core of autonomous agents capable of effecting change in external environments. Yet, in conversational benchmarks, which simulate real-world customer-centric issue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Amir Saeidi , Venkatesh Mishra , Souradeep Mukhopadhyay , Gaowen Liu , Ali Payani , Jayanth Srinivasa , Chitta Baral

Traditional hearing aids often rely on static fittings that fail to adapt to their dynamic acoustic environments. We propose CAFA, a Context-Adaptive Fitting Advisor that provides personalized, real-time hearing aid adjustments through a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Yingke Ding , Zeyu Wang , Xiyuxing Zhang , Hongbin Chen , Zhenan Xu

As LLM-based agents grow more autonomous and multi-modal, ensuring they remain controllable, auditable, and faithful to deployer intent becomes critical. Prior benchmarks measured the propensity for misaligned behavior and showed that agent…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Abhivansh Gupta

As AI models progress beyond simple chatbots into more complex workflows, we draw ever closer to the event horizon beyond which AI systems will be utilized in autonomous, self-maintaining feedback loops. Any autonomous AI system will depend…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Benjamin Feuer , Lucas Rosenblatt , Oussama Elachqar

Modern consumer banking applications require accurate and efficient retrieval of information in response to user queries. Mapping user utterances to the most relevant Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs) is a crucial component of these…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Mahmood Hegazy , Aaron Rodrigues , Azzam Naeem

LLM-as-a-Judge has been widely utilized as an evaluation method in various benchmarks and served as supervised rewards in model training. However, despite their excellence in many domains, potential issues are under-explored, undermining…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Jiayi Ye , Yanbo Wang , Yue Huang , Dongping Chen , Qihui Zhang , Nuno Moniz , Tian Gao , Werner Geyer , Chao Huang , Pin-Yu Chen , Nitesh V Chawla , Xiangliang Zhang

LLM-as-a-Judge is a widely used method for evaluating the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) across various tasks. We address the challenge of quantifying the uncertainty of LLM-as-a-Judge evaluations. While uncertainty…

With the rapid advancement of AI, there is a growing trend to integrate AI into decision-making processes. However, AI systems may exhibit biases that lead decision-makers to draw unfair conclusions. Notably, the COMPAS system used in the…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Chih-Cheng Rex Yuan , Bow-Yaw Wang