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With the imaging and characterization of the horizon-scale images of M87* and Sgr A* by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), it has become possible to resolve the near-horizon region of astrophysical black holes. As a result, there has been…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-07-31 Avery E. Broderick , Kiana Salehi , Boris Georgiev

Images of supermassive black hole accretion flows contain features of both curved spacetime and plasma structure. Inferring properties of the spacetime from images requires modeling the plasma properties, and vice versa. The Event Horizon…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-08-09 Daniel C. M. Palumbo , George N. Wong , Andrew A. Chael , Michael D. Johnson

In the era of precision cosmology it has became crucial to find new and competitive probes to estimate cosmological parameters, in an effort of finding answers to the current cosmological tensions/discrepancies. In this work, we show the…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-14 Fabrizio Renzi , Matteo Martinelli

The 2017 observing campaign of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) delivered the first very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) images at the observing frequency of 230 GHz, leading to a number of unique studies on black holes and…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-04-02 Jan Röder , Maciek Wielgus , Andrei P. Lobanov , Thomas P. Krichbaum , Dhanya G. Nair , Sang-Sung Lee , Eduardo Ros , Vincent L. Fish , Lindy Blackburn , Chi-kwan Chan , Sara Issaoun , Michael Janssen , Michael D. Johnson , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Geoffrey C. Bower , Geoffrey B. Crew , Remo P. J. Tilanus , Tuomas Savolainen , C. M. Violette Impellizzeri , Antxon Alberdi , Anne-Kathrin Baczko , José L. Gómez , Ru-Sen Lu , Georgios F. Paraschos , Efthalia Traianou , Ciriaco Goddi , Daewon Kim , Mikhail Lisakov , Yuri Y. Kovalev , Petr A. Voitsik , Kirill V. Sokolovsky , Kazunori Akiyama , Ezequiel Albentosa-Ruíz , Walter Alef , Juan Carlos Algaba , Richard Anantua , Keiichi Asada , Rebecca Azulay , Uwe Bach , David Ball , Mislav Baloković , Bidisha Bandyopadhyay , John Barrett , Michi Bauböck , Bradford A. Benson , Dan Bintley , Raymond Blundell , Katherine L. Bouman , Michael Bremer , Christiaan D. Brinkerink , Roger Brissenden , Silke Britzen , Avery E. Broderick , Dominique Broguiere , Thomas Bronzwaer , Sandra Bustamante , Do-Young Byun , John E. Carlstrom , Chiara Ceccobello , Andrew Chael , Dominic O. Chang , Koushik Chatterjee , Shami Chatterjee , Ming-Tang Chen , Yongjun Chen , Xiaopeng Cheng , Ilje Cho , Pierre Christian , Nicholas S. Conroy , John E. Conway , James M. Cordes , Thomas M. Crawford , Alejandro Cruz-Osorio , Yuzhu Cui , Brandon Curd , Rohan Dahale , Jordy Davelaar , Mariafelicia De Laurentis , Roger Deane , Jessica Dempsey , Gregory Desvignes , Jason Dexter , Vedant Dhruv , Indu K. Dihingia , Sean Taylor Dougall , Sergio A. Dzib , Ralph P. Eatough , Razieh Emami , Heino Falcke , Joseph Farah , Edward Fomalont , H. Alyson Ford , Marianna Foschi , Raquel Fraga-Encinas , William T. Freeman , Per Friberg , Christian M. Fromm , Antonio Fuentes , Peter Galison , Charles F. Gammie , Roberto García , Olivier Gentaz , Boris Georgiev , Roman Gold , Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz , Minfeng Gu , Mark Gurwell , Kazuhiro Hada , Daryl Haggard , Kari Haworth , Michael H. Hecht , Ronald Hesper , Dirk Heumann , Luis C. Ho , Paul Ho , Mareki Honma , Chih-Wei L. Huang , Lei Huang , David H. Hughes , Shiro Ikeda , Makoto Inoue , David J. James , Buell T. Jannuzi , Britton Jeter , Wu Jiang , Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales , Svetlana Jorstad , Abhishek V. Joshi , Taehyun Jung , Mansour Karami , Ramesh Karuppusamy , Tomohisa Kawashima , Garrett K. Keating , Mark Kettenis , Dong-Jin Kim , Jae-Young Kim , Jongsoo Kim , Junhan Kim , Motoki Kino , Jun Yi Koay , Prashant Kocherlakota , Yutaro Kofuji , Shoko Koyama , Carsten Kramer , Joana A. Kramer , Michael Kramer , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Noemi La Bella , Tod R. Lauer , Daeyoung Lee , Po Kin Leung , Aviad Levis , Zhiyuan Li , Rocco Lico , Greg Lindahl , Michael Lindqvist , Jun Liu , Kuo Liu , Elisabetta Liuzzo , Wen-Ping Lo , Laurent Loinard , Colin J. Lonsdale , Amy E. Lowitz , Nicholas R. MacDonald , Jirong Mao , Nicola Marchili , Sera Markoff , Daniel P. Marrone , Alan P. Marscher , Iván Martí-Vidal , Satoki Matsushita , Lynn D. Matthews , Lia Medeiros , Karl M. Menten , Daniel Michalik , Izumi Mizuno , Yosuke Mizuno , James M. Moran , Kotaro Moriyama , Monika Moscibrodzka , Wanga Mulaudzi , Cornelia Müller , Hendrik Müller , Alejandro Mus , Gibwa Musoke , Ioannis Myserlis , Andrew Nadolski , Hiroshi Nagai , Neil M. Nagar , Masanori Nakamura , Gopal Narayanan , Iniyan Natarajan , Antonios Nathanail , Santiago Navarro Fuentes , Joey Neilsen , Roberto Neri , Chunchong Ni , Aristeidis Noutsos , Michael A. Nowak , Junghwan Oh , Hiroki Okino , Héctor R. Olivares Sánchez , Gisela N. Ortiz-León , Tomoaki Oyama , Feryal özel , Daniel C. M. Palumbo , Jongho Park , Harriet Parsons , Nimesh Patel , Ue-Li Pen , Dominic W. Pesce , Vincent Piétu , Richard Plambeck , Aleksandar PopStefanija , Oliver Porth , Felix M. Pötzl , Ben Prather , Jorge A. Preciado-López , Giacomo Principe , Dimitrios Psaltis , Hung-Yi Pu , Venkatessh Ramakrishnan , Ramprasad Rao , Mark G. Rawlings , Angelo Ricarte , Bart Ripperda , Freek Roelofs , Alan Rogers , Cristina Romero-Cañizales , Arash Roshanineshat , Helge Rottmann , Alan L. Roy , Ignacio Ruiz , Chet Ruszczyk , Kazi L. J. Rygl , Salvador Sánchez , David Sánchez-Argüelles , Miguel Sánchez-Portal , Mahito Sasada , Kaushik Satapathy , F. Peter Schloerb , Jonathan Schonfeld , Karl-Friedrich Schuster , Lijing Shao , Zhiqiang Shen , Des Small , Bong Won Sohn , Jason SooHoo , León David Sosapanta Salas , Kamal Souccar , Joshua S. Stanway , He Sun , Fumie Tazaki , Alexandra J. Tetarenko , Paul Tiede , Michael Titus , Pablo Torne , Teresa Toscano , Tyler Trent , Sascha Trippe , Matthew Turk , Ilse van Bemmel , Huib J. van Langevelde , Daniel R. van Rossum , Jesse Vos , Jan Wagner , Derek Ward-Thompson , John Wardle , Jasmin E. Washington , Jonathan Weintroub , Robert Wharton , Kaj Wiik , Gunther Witzel , Michael F. Wondrak , George N. Wong , Qingwen Wu , Nitika Yadlapalli , Paul Yamaguchi , Aristomenis Yfantis , Doosoo Yoon , André Young , Ken Young , Ziri Younsi , Wei Yu , Feng Yuan , Ye-Fei Yuan , J. Anton Zensus , Shuo Zhang , Guang-Yao Zhao , Shan-Shan Zhao

Millimeter very-long baseline interferometry (mm-VLBI) provides the novel capacity to probe the emission region of a handful of supermassive black holes on sub-horizon scales. For Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), the supermassive black hole at the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-20 Avery E. Broderick , Vincent L. Fish , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Abraham Loeb

Very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) at millimeter (mm) wavelengths is being employed to resolve event-horizon scale structure of the environment surrounding the Milky-Way black hole, at an angular resolution of a few tens of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-09-05 Daniel J. D'Orazio , Abraham Loeb

Millimeter wave Very Long Baseline Interferometry (mm-VLBI) provides access to the emission region surrounding Sagittarius A*, the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, on sub-horizon scales. Recently, a closure phase of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2015-05-28 Avery E. Broderick , Vincent L. Fish , Sheperd S. Doeleman , Abraham Loeb

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has recently delivered the first resolved images of M87*, the supermassive black hole in the center of the M87 galaxy. These images were produced using 230 GHz observations performed in 2017 April.…

The concept of a new space very long baseline interferometry system named the Event Horizon Imager (EHI) has been proposed to dramatically improve black hole imaging and provide precise tests of the theory of general relativity. We…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-02-04 Anastasia Shlentsova , Freek Roelofs , Sara Issaoun , Jordy Davelaar , Heino Falcke

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) recently released an image of the supermassive black hole Sgr A* showing an angular shadow diameter $d_{sh}= 48.7 \pm 7\,\mu$as and Schwarzschild shadow deviation $\delta =…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2023-02-28 Sushant G. Ghosh , Misba Afrin

Recent observations by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) of supermassive black holes M87* and Sgr A* offer valuable insights into their spacetime properties and astrophysical conditions. Utilizing a library of model images (~2 million for…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2024-09-25 A. I. Yfantis , S. Zhao , R. Gold , M. Mościbrodzka , A. E. Broderick

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has provided a new tool for testing the strong-field regime of gravity by imaging the shadows of M87* and Sgr A*. These observations provide the first real opportunity to test whether quantum…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2026-05-29 Heena Ali , Sushant G. Ghosh

We demonstrate the unprecedented capabilities of the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) to image the innermost dark matter profile in the vicinity of the supermassive black hole at the center of the M87 radio galaxy. We present the first model…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-01-31 Thomas Lacroix , Mansour Karami , Avery E. Broderick , Joseph Silk , Celine Boehm

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) has significantly advanced our ability to study black holes, achieving unprecedented spatial resolution and revealing horizon-scale structures. Notably, these observations feature a distinctive dark…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-09-22 Yifan Chen , Ran Ding , Yuxin Liu , Yosuke Mizuno , Jing Shu , Haiyue Yu , Yanjie Zeng

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) recently produced the first horizon-scale image of a supermassive black hole. Expanding the array to include a 3-meter space telescope operating at >200 GHz enables mass measurements of many black holes,…

Following up on a recent analysis by Psaltis et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 125, 141104 (2020)], we show that the observed shadow size of M87$^*$ can be used to unambiguously and robustly constrain the black hole geometry in the vicinity of the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-13 Sebastian H. Völkel , Enrico Barausse , Nicola Franchini , Avery E. Broderick

In this work, we study how to infer the orbit of a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB) by time-dependent measurements with Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), such as the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT). Assuming a point-like…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-03-14 Yun Fang , Huan Yang

The Event Horizon Telescope (EHT), a global very long baseline interferometric array observing at a wavelength of 1.3 mm, detected the first image of the M87 supermassive black hole (SMBH). M87 is a giant elliptical galaxy at the center of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-07-17 Mohammadtaher Safarzadeh , Abraham Loeb , Mark Reid

The observation of the shadows cast by the event horizon of black holes on the light emitted in its neighborhood is the target of current very-long-baseline-interferometric observations. When considering supermassive black holes, the light…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-02-20 Harrison Gott , Dimitry Ayzenberg , Nicolas Yunes , Anne Lohfink