Related papers: Finite Plasma Beta Three-dimensional Magnetic Fiel…
A nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) extrapolation is widely used to reconstruct the three-dimensional magnetic field in the solar corona from the observed photospheric magnetic field. However, the pressure gradient and gravitational forces…
Magnetic field in the solar corona is usually extrapolated from photospheric vector magnetogram using a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) model. NLFFF extrapolation needs a considerable effort to be devoted for its numerical realization.…
The nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) modeling has been extensively used as a tool to infer three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field structure. In this study, the dependency of the NLFFF calculation with respect to the initial guess of the 3D…
Context. For the last thirty years, most of the studies on the relaxation of stressed magnetic fields in the solar environment have onlyconsidered the Lorentz force, neglecting plasma contributions, and therefore, limiting every equilibrium…
Force-free extrapolations are widely used to study the magnetic field in the solar corona based on surface measurements. The extrapolations assume that the ratio of internal energy of the plasma to magnetic energy, the plasma-beta is…
For the extrapolation of magnetic fields into the solar corona from measurements taken in the photosphere (or chromosphere) force-free magnetic fields are typically used. This does not take into account that the lower layers of the solar…
We develop a nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) extrapolation code based on the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) relaxation method. We extend the classical MHD relaxation method in two important ways. First, we introduce an algorithm initially…
Aims. We aim to develop a fast and consistent extrapolation method to model multiple layers of the solar atmosphere. Methods. The new approach combines the magnetohydrostatic (MHS) extrapolation which models the solar low atmosphere in a…
Modeling the interface region between solar photosphere and corona is challenging, because the relative importance of magnetic and plasma forces change by several orders of magnitude. While the solar corona can be modeled by the force-free…
The nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) modeling has been extensively used to infer the three-dimensional (3D) magnetic field in the solar corona. One of the assumptions in the NLFFF extrapolation is that the plasma beta is low, but this…
Magnetic field extrapolation is a fundamental tool to reconstruct the three-dimensional magnetic field above the solar photosphere. However, the prevalently used force-free field model might not be applicable in the lower atmosphere with…
With current observational methods it is not possible to directly measure the magnetic field in the solar corona with sufficient accuracy. Therefore, coronal magnetic field models have to rely on extrapolation methods using photospheric…
Context. On the sun, the magnetic field vector is measured routinely only in the photosphere. By using these photospheric measurements as boundary condition, we developed the magnetohydrostatic (MHS) extrapolation to model the solar…
Getting insights into the 3D structure of the solar coronal magnetic field have been done in the past by two completely different approaches: (1.) Nonlinear force-free field (NLFFF) extrapolations, which use photospheric vector magnetograms…
Understanding structures and evolutions of the magnetic fields and plasma in multiple layers on the Sun is very important. A force-free magnetic field which is an accurate approximation of the solar corona due to the low plasma $\beta$ has…
Reliable measurements of the solar magnetic field are still restricted to the photosphere, and our present knowledge of the three-dimensional coronal magnetic field is largely based on extrapolation from photospheric magnetogram using…
We investigate an intensification mechanism for the magnetic field near the base of the solar convection zone that does not rely on differential rotation. Such mechanism in addition to differential rotation has been suggested by studies of…
Non-linear force-free extrapolations are a common approach to estimate the 3D topology of coronal magnetic fields based on photospheric vector magnetograms. The force-free assumption is a valid approximation at coronal heights, but for the…
The magnetic fields in the solar atmosphere structure the plasma, store free magnetic energy and produce a wide variety of active solar phenomena, like flare and coronal mass ejections(CMEs). The distribution and strength of magnetic fields…
Our aim is to model the 3D magnetic field structure of the upper solar atmosphere, including regions of non-negligible plasma beta. We use high-resolution photospheric magnetic field measurements from SUNRISE/IMaX as boundary condition for…