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Efficient communication is central to both biological and artificial intelligence (AI) systems. In biological brains, the challenge of long-range communication across regions is addressed through sparse, spike-based signaling, minimizing…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Joshua Nardone , Ruijie Zhu , Joseph Callenes , Mohammed E. Elbtity , Ramtin Zand , Jason Eshraghian

Recent progress in speech separation has been largely driven by advances in deep neural networks, yet their high computational and memory requirements hinder deployment on resource-constrained devices. A significant inefficiency in…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-09 Mohamed Elminshawi , Srikanth Raj Chetupalli , Emanuël A. P. Habets

Binary Spiking Neural Networks (BSNNs) inherit the eventdriven paradigm of SNNs, while also adopting the reduced storage burden of binarization techniques. These distinct advantages grant BSNNs lightweight and energy-efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yu Liang , Wenjie Wei , Ammar Belatreche , Honglin Cao , Zijian Zhou , Shuai Wang , Malu Zhang , Yang Yang

Recent advances in Voice Activity Detection (VAD) are driven by artificial and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs), however, using a VAD system in battery-operated devices requires further power efficiency. This can be achieved by neuromorphic…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-01 Flavio Martinelli , Giorgia Dellaferrera , Pablo Mainar , Milos Cernak

The highly sparse activations in Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) can provide tremendous energy efficiency benefits when carefully exploited in hardware. The behavior of sparsity in SNNs is uniquely shaped by the dataset and training…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-02-12 Ilkin Aliyev , Tosiron Adegbija

Despite basic differences between Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), most research on SNNs involve adapting ANN-based methods for SNNs. Pruning (dropping connections) and quantization (reducing precision)…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Dylan Adams , Magda Zajaczkowska , Ashiq Anjum , Andrea Soltoggio , Shirin Dora

Modulation classification is an essential step of signal processing and has been regularly applied in the field of tele-communication. Since variations of frequency with respect to time remains a vital distinction among radio signals having…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-09 Muhammad Waqas , Muhammad Ashraf , Muhammad Zakwan

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have ultra-low energy consumption and high biological plausibility due to their binary and bio-driven nature compared with artificial neural networks (ANNs). While previous research has primarily focused on…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Jiahang Cao , Ziqing Wang , Hanzhong Guo , Hao Cheng , Qiang Zhang , Renjing Xu

We present a general framework for training spiking neural networks (SNNs) to perform binary classification on multivariate time series, with a focus on step-wise prediction and high precision at low false alarm rates. The approach uses the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-24 James Ghawaly , Andrew Nicholson , Catherine Schuman , Dalton Diez , Aaron Young , Brett Witherspoon

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have manifested remarkable advantages in power consumption and event-driven property during the inference process. To take full advantage of low power consumption and improve the efficiency of these models…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2023-06-07 Jiangrong Shen , Qi Xu , Jian K. Liu , Yueming Wang , Gang Pan , Huajin Tang

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are highly regarded for their energy efficiency, inherent activation sparsity, and suitability for real-time processing in edge devices. However, most current SNN methods adopt architectures resembling…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yesmine Abdennadher , Giovanni Perin , Riccardo Mazzieri , Jacopo Pegoraro , Michele Rossi

Diabetes mellitus affects over 537 million adults worldwide. Insulin-dependent patients require continuous glucose monitoring and precise dose calculation while operating under strict power budgets on wearable devices. This paper presents…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Sahil Shrivastava

Spiking Neural Networks (SNN) are the so-called third generation of neural networks which attempt to more closely match the functioning of the biological brain. They inherently encode temporal data, allowing for training with less energy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Chethan M. Parameshwara , Simin Li , Cornelia Fermüller , Nitin J. Sanket , Matthew S. Evanusa , Yiannis Aloimonos

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have revolutionized many Machine Learning (ML) applications, such as social network analysis, bioinformatics, etc. GNN inference can be accelerated by exploiting data sparsity in the input graph, vertex…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Paul Chen , Pavan Manjunath , Sasindu Wijeratne , Bingyi Zhang , Viktor Prasanna

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) have shown clear advantages over traditional artificial neural networks (ANNs) for low latency and high computational efficiency, due to their event-driven nature and sparse communication. However, the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Jibin Wu , Chenglin Xu , Daquan Zhou , Haizhou Li , Kay Chen Tan

Spiking neural networks (SNNs), as one of the brain-inspired models, has spatio-temporal information processing capability, low power feature, and high biological plausibility. The effective spatio-temporal feature makes it suitable for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Changqing Xu , Yi Liu , Yintang Yang

Synaptic delay has attracted significant attention in neural network dynamics for integrating and processing complex spatiotemporal information. This paper introduces a high-throughput Spiking Neural Network (SNN) processor that supports…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2025-11-07 Faquan Chen , Qingyang Tian , Ziren Wu , Rendong Ying , Fei Wen , Peilin Liu

We discuss a high-performance and high-throughput hardware accelerator for probabilistic Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) based on Generalized Linear Model (GLM) neurons, that uses binary STT-RAM devices as synapses and digital CMOS logic for…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Anakha V Babu , Osvaldo Simeone , Bipin Rajendran

Recently spiking neural networks (SNNs), the third-generation of neural networks has shown remarkable capabilities of energy-efficient computing, which is a promising alternative for deep neural networks (DNNs) with high energy consumption.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Yihao Luo , Min Xu , Caihong Yuan , Xiang Cao , Liangqi Zhang , Yan Xu , Tianjiang Wang , Qi Feng

Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) have emerged as a promising energy-efficient alternative to traditional Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). Despite this, bridging the performance gap with ANNs in practical scenarios remains a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Ziqing Wang , Yuetong Fang , Jiahang Cao , Renjing Xu