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Pre-trained Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have achieved remarkable success in improving robustness and generalization for end-to-end robotic manipulation. However, these models struggle with long-horizon tasks due to their lack of…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Runhao Li , Wenkai Guo , Zhenyu Wu , Changyuan Wang , Haoyuan Deng , Zhenyu Weng , Yap-Peng Tan , Ziwei Wang

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models are a promising paradigm for generalist robotic manipulation by grounding high-level semantic instructions into executable physical actions. However, prevailing approaches typically adopt a monolithic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yifei Wei , Linqing Zhong , Yi Liu , Yuxiang Lu , Xindong He , Maoqing Yao , Guanghui Ren

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a promising framework that unifies perception, reasoning, and control for robot manipulation by adapting pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) to action prediction. However, VLM-derived…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Kyujin Lee , Injae Kim , Jihwan Park , Yejun Ju , Minseok Joo , Hyunwoo J. Kim

Autonomous driving has long relied on modular "Perception-Decision-Action" pipelines, where hand-crafted interfaces and rule-based components often break down in complex or long-tailed scenarios. Their cascaded design further propagates…

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) in industry is accelerating the shift from traditional automation to intelligent systems with perception and cognition. Vision language-action (VLA) models have been a key paradigm in AI to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Shuai Li , Chen Yizhe , Li Dong , Liu Sichao , Lan Dapeng , Liu Yu , Zhibo Pang

Fine-tuning vision-language models (VLMs) on robot teleoperation data to create vision-language-action (VLA) models is a promising paradigm for training generalist policies, but it suffers from a fundamental tradeoff: learning to produce…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Asher J. Hancock , Xindi Wu , Lihan Zha , Olga Russakovsky , Anirudha Majumdar

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have gained much attention from the research community thanks to their strength in translating multimodal observations with linguistic instructions into desired robotic actions. Despite their…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models generalize semantically well but often lack fine-grained modeling of world dynamics. We present MotuBrain, a unified World Action Model that jointly models video and action under a UniDiffuser formulation…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have gained much attention from the research community thanks to their strength in translating multimodal observations with linguistic instructions into robotic actions. Despite their recent advancements,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Tuan Van Vo , Tan Quang Nguyen , Khang Minh Nguyen , Duy Ho Minh Nguyen , Minh Nhat Vu

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models typically bridge the gap between perceptual and action spaces by pre-training a large-scale Vision-Language Model (VLM) on robotic data. While this approach greatly enhances performance, it also incurs…

The goal of this paper is to improve the performance and reliability of vision-language-action (VLA) models through iterative online interaction. Since collecting policy rollouts in the real world is expensive, we investigate whether a…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yanjiang Guo , Tony Lee , Lucy Xiaoyang Shi , Jianyu Chen , Percy Liang , Chelsea Finn

The capability of performing long-horizon, language-guided robotic manipulation tasks critically relies on leveraging historical information and generating coherent action sequences. However, such capabilities are often overlooked by…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Xiaofan Wang , Xingyu Gao , Jianlong Fu , Zuolei Li , Dean Fortier , Galen Mullins , Andrey Kolobov , Baining Guo

Vision-language-action models (VLAs) show potential as generalist robot policies. However, these models pose extreme safety challenges during real-world deployment, including the risk of harm to the environment, the robot itself, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Borong Zhang , Yuhao Zhang , Jiaming Ji , Yingshan Lei , Yishuai Cai , Josef Dai , Yuanpei Chen , Yaodong Yang

Recent advances in Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have opened new avenues for robot manipulation, yet existing methods exhibit limited efficiency and a lack of high-level knowledge and spatial awareness. To address these challenges, we…

Latent Action Models (LAMs) have emerged as an effective paradigm for handling heterogeneous datasets during Vision-Language-Action (VLA) model pretraining, offering a unified action space across embodiments. However, existing LAMs often…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Qiwei Li , Xicheng Gong , Xinghang Li , Peiyan Li , Quanyun Zhou , Hangjun Ye , Jiahuan Zhou , Yadong Mu

Vision-language-action (VLA) models have emerged as the next generation of models in robotics. However, despite leveraging powerful pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs), existing end-to-end VLA systems often lose key capabilities…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Zhongyi Zhou , Yichen Zhu , Junjie Wen , Chaomin Shen , Yi Xu

Recently, leveraging pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) for building vision-language-action (VLA) models has emerged as a promising approach to effective robot manipulation learning. However, only few methods incorporate 3D signals…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Peiyan Li , Yixiang Chen , Hongtao Wu , Xiao Ma , Xiangnan Wu , Yan Huang , Liang Wang , Tao Kong , Tieniu Tan

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a powerful paradigm for embodied intelligence, enabling robots to perform tasks based on natural language instructions and current visual input. However, existing VLA models struggle with…

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have recently shown strong decision-making capabilities in autonomous driving. However, existing VLAs often struggle with achieving efficient inference and generalizing to novel autonomous vehicle…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Dapeng Zhang , Zhenlong Yuan , Zhangquan Chen , Chih-Ting Liao , Yinda Chen , Fei Shen , Qingguo Zhou , Tat-Seng Chua

Recent vision-language-action (VLA) models built upon pretrained vision-language models (VLMs) have achieved significant improvements in robotic manipulation. However, current VLAs still suffer from low sample efficiency and limited…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Shangchen Miao , Ningya Feng , Jialong Wu , Ye Lin , Xu He , Dong Li , Mingsheng Long