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Simulation of rainfall over a region for long time-sequences can be very useful for planning and policy-making, especially in India where the economy is heavily reliant on monsoon rainfall. However, such simulations should be able to…

Applications · Statistics 2017-09-04 Adway Mitra

Large socio-economic impact of the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) extremes motivated numerous attempts at its long range prediction over the past century. However, a rather estimated low potential predictability limit (PPL) of seasonal…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2019-03-27 Subodh Kumar Saha , Anupam Hazra , Samir Pokhrel , Hemantkumar S. Chaudhari , K. Sujith , Archana Rai , Hasibur Rahaman , B. N. Goswami

Accurate and robust weather forecasting remains a fundamental challenge due to the inherent spatio-temporal complexity of atmospheric systems. In this paper, we propose a novel self-supervised learning framework that leverages…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yao Liu

Present study aims to develop a predictive model for the average summer monsoon rainfall amount over India. The dataset made available by the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology, Pune, has been explored. To develop the predictive…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2007-05-23 Surajit Chattopadhyay

High-resolution precipitation forecasts are crucial for providing accurate weather prediction and supporting effective responses to extreme weather events. Traditional numerical models struggle with stochastic subgrid-scale processes, while…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Shuangshuang He , Hongli Liang , Yuanting Zhang , Xingyuan Yuan

With the intensification of global climate change, accurate prediction of weather indicators is of great significance in disaster prevention and mitigation, agricultural production, and transportation. Precipitation, as one of the key…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-30 Yuchen Wang , Pengfei Jia , Zhitao Shu , Keyan Liu , Abdul Rashid Mohamed Shariff

Climate change affects ocean temperature, salinity and sea level, impacting monsoons and ocean productivity. Future projections by Global Climate Models based on shared socioeconomic pathways from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2026-01-09 Abhishek Pasula , Deepak N. Subramani

Applying machine learning models to meteorological data brings many opportunities to the Geosciences field, such as predicting future weather conditions more accurately. In recent years, modeling meteorological data with deep neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Rafaela Castro , Yania M. Souto , Eduardo Ogasawara , Fabio Porto , Eduardo Bezerra

The Indian summer monsoon is a highly complex and critical weather system that directly affects the livelihoods of over a billion people across the Indian subcontinent. Accurate short-term forecasting remains a major scientific challenge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Apoorva Narula , Aastha Jain , Jatin Batra , MN Rajeevan , Sandeep Juneja

Air quality forecasting has been regarded as the key problem of air pollution early warning and control management. In this paper, we propose a novel deep learning model for air quality (mainly PM2.5) forecasting, which learns the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-26 Shengdong Du , Tianrui Li , Yan Yang , Shi-Jinn Horng

Hundreds of millions of farmers make high-stakes decisions under uncertainty about future weather. Forecasts can inform these decisions, but available choices and their risks and benefits vary between farmers. We introduce a decision-theory…

Improving the representation of precipitation in Earth system models (ESMs) is critical for assessing the impacts of climate change and especially of extreme events like floods and droughts. In existing ESMs, precipitation is not resolved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Michael Aich , Sebastian Bathiany , Philipp Hess , Yu Huang , Niklas Boers

Simulating abundances of stable water isotopologues, i.e. molecules differing in their isotopic composition, within climate models allows for comparisons with proxy data and, thus, for testing hypotheses about past climate and validating…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2023-11-28 Jonathan Wider , Jakob Kruse , Nils Weitzel , Janica C. Bühler , Ullrich Köthe , Kira Rehfeld

The problem of high-quality drought forecasting up to a year in advance is critical for agriculture planning and insurance. Yet, it is still unsolved with reasonable accuracy due to data complexity and aridity stochasticity. We tackle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-15 Alexander Marusov , Vsevolod Grabar , Yury Maximov , Nazar Sotiriadi , Alexander Bulkin , Alexey Zaytsev

We propose a representation of the Indian summer monsoon rainfall in terms of a probabilistic model based on a Markov Random Field, consisting of discrete state variables representing low and high rainfall at grid-scale and daily rainfall…

Applications · Statistics 2021-01-26 Adway Mitra , Amit Apte , Rama Govindarajan , Vishal Vasan , Sreekar Vadlamani

The impacts of climate change are felt by most critical systems, such as infrastructure, ecological systems, and power-plants. However, contemporary Earth System Models (ESM) are run at spatial resolutions too coarse for assessing effects…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-03-10 Thomas Vandal , Evan Kodra , Sangram Ganguly , Andrew Michaelis , Ramakrishna Nemani , Auroop R Ganguly

The formation of precipitation in state-of-the-art weather and climate models is an important process. The understanding of its relationship with other variables can lead to endless benefits, particularly for the world's monsoon regions…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2021-08-25 Manmeet Singh , Bipin Kumar , Suryachandra Rao , Sukhpal Singh Gill , Rajib Chattopadhyay , Ravi S Nanjundiah , Dev Niyogi

Accurately predicting long-term rainfall is challenging. Global climate indices, such as the El Ni\~no-Southern Oscillation, are standard input features for machine learning. However, a significant gap persists regarding local-scale indices…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-20 Kiattikun Chobtham

Accurate rainfall forecasting is crucial for effective disaster preparedness and mitigation in the North-East region of India, which is prone to extreme weather events such as floods and landslides. In this study, we investigated the use of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-19 Paleti Nikhil Chowdary , Sathvika P , Pranav U , Rohan S , Sowmya V , Gopalakrishnan E A , Dhanya M

In the present research, possibility of predicting average summer-monsoon rainfall over India has been analyzed through Artificial Neural Network models. In formulating the Artificial Neural Network based predictive model, three layered…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2009-11-11 Surajit Chattopadhyay