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A crucial challenge for generative large language models (LLMs) is diversity: when a user's prompt is under-specified, models may follow implicit assumptions while generating a response, which may result in homogenization of the responses,…

Large language models (LLMs) are excellent few-shot learners. They can perform a wide variety of tasks purely based on natural language prompts provided to them. These prompts contain data of a specific downstream task -- often the private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Haonan Duan , Adam Dziedzic , Mohammad Yaghini , Nicolas Papernot , Franziska Boenisch

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLM) have emerged as pivotal tools in various applications. However, these models are susceptible to adversarial prompt attacks, where attackers can carefully curate input strings that mislead LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Zhengmian Hu , Gang Wu , Saayan Mitra , Ruiyi Zhang , Tong Sun , Heng Huang , Viswanathan Swaminathan

Prompt serves as a crucial link in interacting with large language models (LLMs), widely impacting the accuracy and interpretability of model outputs. However, acquiring accurate and high-quality responses necessitates precise prompts,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Xiongtao Sun , Gan Liu , Zhipeng He , Hui Li , Xiaoguang Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into high-stakes applications, making robust safety guarantees a central practical and commercial concern. Existing safety evaluations predominantly rely on fixed collections of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Zafir Shamsi , Nikhil Chekuru , Zachary Guzman , Shivank Garg

Recent studies have shown that prompting can enable large language models (LLMs) to simulate specific personality traits and produce behaviors that align with those traits. However, there is limited understanding of how these simulated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Nuo Chen , Hanpei Fang , Piaohong Wang , Jiqun Liu , Tetsuya Sakai , Xiao-Ming Wu

Over the past decade, extensive research efforts have been dedicated to the extraction of information from textual process descriptions. Despite the remarkable progress witnessed in natural language processing (NLP), information extraction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-29 Julian Neuberger , Lars Ackermann , Han van der Aa , Stefan Jablonski

Fine-grained personas have recently been used for generating 'diverse' synthetic data for pre-training and supervised fine-tuning of Large Language Models (LLMs). In this work, we measure the diversity of persona-driven synthetically…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Gauri Kambhatla , Chantal Shaib , Venkata Govindarajan

Previous works in prompt engineering for large language models have introduced different gradient-free probability-based prompt selection methods that aim to choose the optimal prompt among the candidates for a given task but have failed to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Sohee Yang , Jonghyeon Kim , Joel Jang , Seonghyeon Ye , Hyunji Lee , Minjoon Seo

Understanding how humans collaborate and communicate in teams is essential for improving human-agent teaming and AI-assisted decision-making. However, relying solely on data from large-scale user studies is impractical due to logistical,…

The difficulty and expense of obtaining large-scale human responses make Large Language Models (LLMs) an attractive alternative and a promising proxy for human behavior. However, prior work shows that LLMs often produce homogeneous outputs…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Manh Hung Nguyen , Sebastian Tschiatschek , Adish Singla

As Large language models (LLMs) become increasingly integrated into our lives, their inherent social biases remain a pressing concern. Detecting and evaluating these biases can be challenging because they are often implicit rather than…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Katherine Abramski , Giulio Rossetti , Massimo Stella

Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems are increasingly taking the form of sophisticated modular pipelines, e.g., Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG), where each module may involve a distinct Language Model (LM) and an associated prompt…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Dilara Soylu , Christopher Potts , Omar Khattab

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to automate relevance judgments for information retrieval (IR) tasks, often demonstrating agreement with human labels that approaches inter-human agreement. To assess the robustness and…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Negar Arabzadeh , Charles L. A . Clarke

We introduce aligned probing, a novel interpretability framework that aligns the behavior of language models (LMs), based on their outputs, and their internal representations (internals). Using this framework, we examine over 20 OLMo,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Andreas Waldis , Vagrant Gautam , Anne Lauscher , Dietrich Klakow , Iryna Gurevych

Stance detection identifies the attitude of a text author toward a given target. Recent studies have explored various LLM-based strategies for this task, from zero-shot prompting to multi-agent debate. However, existing works differ in data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Genan Dai , Zini Chen , Yi Yang , Bowen Zhang

Effective persuasive dialogue agents adapt their strategies to individual users, accounting for the evolution of their psychological states and intentions throughout conversations. We present a personality-aware reinforcement learning…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Donghuo Zeng , Roberto Legaspi , Kazushi Ikeda

A central challenge in social science is to generate rich qualitative hypotheses about how diverse social groups might interpret new information. This article introduces and illustrates a novel methodological approach for this purpose:…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Hugues Draelants

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable problem-solving and basic mathematics abilities. However, their efficacy is highly contingent on the formulation of the prompt. This study endeavors to quantify the influence of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Rick Battle , Teja Gollapudi

Finding the best way of adapting pre-trained language models to a task is a big challenge in current NLP. Just like the previous generation of task-tuned models (TT), models that are adapted to tasks via in-context-learning (ICL) are robust…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Lucas Weber , Elia Bruni , Dieuwke Hupkes
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