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In the literature, many continual learning (CL) algorithms have been proposed to address the issue of catastrophic forgetting in ML models (i.e., learning new tasks leads to the loss of performance on previously learned tasks). Although all…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Srijith Nair , Atilla Eryilmaz , Jia , Liu

Few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL) receives significant attention from the public to perform classification continuously with a few training samples, which suffers from the key catastrophic forgetting problem. Existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Kexin Bao , Daichi Zhang , Hansong Zhang , Yong Li , Yutao Yue , Shiming Ge

Incremental class learning, a scenario in continual learning context where classes and their training data are sequentially and disjointedly observed, challenges a problem widely known as catastrophic forgetting. In this work, we propose a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-07-19 Euntae Choi , Kyungmi Lee , Kiyoung Choi

Adapting language models (LMs) to new tasks via post-training carries the risk of degrading existing capabilities -- a phenomenon classically known as catastrophic forgetting. In this paper, toward identifying guidelines for mitigating this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Howard Chen , Noam Razin , Karthik Narasimhan , Danqi Chen

Multi-task learns multiple tasks, while sharing knowledge and computation among them. However, it suffers from catastrophic forgetting of previous knowledge when learned incrementally without access to the old data. Most existing object…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-20 Xialei Liu , Hao Yang , Avinash Ravichandran , Rahul Bhotika , Stefano Soatto

Continual learning (CL) enables models to adapt to evolving data streams without catastrophic forgetting, a fundamental requirement for real-world AI systems. However, the current methods often depend on large replay buffers or heavily…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Indu Solomon , Aye Phyu Phyu Aung , Uttam Kumar , Senthilnath Jayavelu

Catastrophic forgetting is a pervasive issue for pre-trained language models (PLMs) during continual learning, where models lose previously acquired knowledge when sequentially trained on a series of tasks. The model's ability to retain old…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Biqing Zeng , Zehan Li , Aladdin Ayesh

The recent proliferation of large-scale text-to-image models has led to growing concerns that such models may be misused to generate harmful, misleading, and inappropriate content. Motivated by this issue, we derive a technique inspired by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Alvin Heng , Harold Soh

Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) improve neural network interpretability by introducing an intermediate layer that maps human-understandable concepts to predictions. Recent work has explored the use of vision-language models (VLMs) to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Xingbo Du , Qiantong Dou , Lei Fan , Rui Zhang

Continual learning can incrementally absorb new concepts without interfering with previously learned knowledge. Motivated by the characteristics of neural networks, in which information is stored in weights on connections, we investigated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Depeng Li , Tianqi Wang , Bingrong Xu , Kenji Kawaguchi , Zhigang Zeng , Ponnuthurai Nagaratnam Suganthan

Continual learning (CL) aims to extend deep models from static and enclosed environments to dynamic and complex scenarios, enabling systems to continuously acquire new knowledge of novel categories without forgetting previously learned…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Sunyuan Qiang , Xuxin Lin , Yanyan Liang , Jun Wan , Du Zhang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) suffer from a rapid decrease in performance when trained on a sequence of tasks where only data of the most recent task is available. This phenomenon, known as catastrophic forgetting, prevents DNNs from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Felix Wiewel , Bin Yang

Large language model (LLM) post-training enhances latent skills, unlocks value alignment, improves performance, and enables domain adaptation. Unfortunately, post-training is known to induce forgetting, especially in the ubiquitous use-case…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Lukas Thede , Stefan Winzeck , Zeynep Akata , Jonathan Richard Schwarz

Enabling large-scale generative models to continuously learn new visual concepts is essential for personalizing pre-trained models to meet individual user preferences. Existing approaches for continual visual concept learning are…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Xiaohan Guo , Yusong Cai , Zejia Liu , Zhengning Wang , Lili Pan , Hongliang Li

Recent studies on catastrophic forgetting during sequential learning typically focus on fixing the accuracy of the predictions for a previously learned task. In this paper we argue that the outputs of neural networks are subject to rapid…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Yuwen Xiong , Mengye Ren , Raquel Urtasun

In a practical setting, how to enable robust Federated Learning (FL) systems, both in terms of generalization and personalization abilities, is one important research question. It is a challenging issue due to the consequences of non-i.i.d.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Huy Q. Le , Minh N. H. Nguyen , Shashi Raj Pandey , Chaoning Zhang , Choong Seon Hong

Humans continually expand their learned knowledge to new domains and learn new concepts without any interference with past learned experiences. In contrast, machine learning models perform poorly in a continual learning setting, where input…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Mohammad Rostami , Aram Galstyan

Federated learning (FL) has shown great potential in medical image computing since it provides a decentralized learning paradigm that allows multiple clients to train a model collaboratively without privacy leakage. However, current studies…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Meilu Zhu , Qiushi Yang , Zhifan Gao , Yixuan Yuan , Jun Liu

Fine-tuning has been proven to be a simple and effective technique to transfer the learned knowledge of Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) to downstream tasks. However, vanilla fine-tuning easily overfits the target data and degrades the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Junhao Zheng , Qianli Ma , Shengjie Qiu , Yue Wu , Peitian Ma , Junlong Liu , Huawen Feng , Xichen Shang , Haibin Chen

Federated learning (FL) enables collaborative model training across distributed clients while preserving data privacy. However, data and system heterogeneity often cause catastrophic forgetting and unbounded drift in model updates, leading…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Taehwan Yoon , Bongjun Choi , Wesley De Neve