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Eugene Wigner predicted long ago that when the Coulomb interactions between electrons become much stronger than their kinetic energy, electrons crystallize into a closely packed lattice. A variety of two-dimensional systems have shown…
A Wigner crystal, a regular electron lattice arising from strong correlation effects, is one of the earliest predicted collective electronic states. This many-body state exhibits quantum and classical phase transitions and has been proposed…
We consider temperature-induced melting of a Wigner solid in one dimensional (1D) and two dimensional (2D) lattices of electrons interacting via the long-range Coulomb interaction in the presence of strong disorder arising from charged…
Wigner crystallization of electrons in a 2D quantum dots is reported. It proceeds in two stages: I) via radial ordering of electrons on shells and II) freezing of the inter-shell rotation. The phase boundary of the crystal is computed in…
Wigner crystals are predicted as the crystallization of the dilute electron gas moving in a uniform background when the electron-electron Coulomb energy dominates the kinetic energy. The Wigner crystal has previously been observed in the…
One of the most fundamental and yet elusive collective phases of an interacting electron system is the quantum Wigner crystal (WC), an ordered array of electrons expected to form when the electrons' Coulomb repulsion energy eclipses their…
Wigner crystal, as the most fundamental exemplification where the many-body interaction forges the electrons into a solid, experiences an intriguing quantum melting where diverse intermediate phases are predicted to emerge near the quantum…
The Wigner crystal, an ordered array of electrons, is one of the very first proposed many-body phases stabilized by the electron-electron interaction. This electron solid phase has been reported in ultra-clean two-dimensional electron…
Wigner crystals, lattices made purely of electrons, are a quintessential paradigm of studying correlation-driven quantum phase transitions. Despite decades of research, the internal dynamics of Wigner crystals has remained extremely…
The behavior of two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in extreme coupling limits are reasonably well-understood, but our understanding of intermediate region remains limited. Strongly interacting electrons crystalize into a solid phase known…
We show that there can be no direct first order transition between a Fermi liquid and an insulating electronic (Wigner) crystalline phase in a clean two-dimensional electron gas in a metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor…
We study the ground state of a system of spinless electrons interacting through a screened Coulomb potential in a lattice ring. By using analytical arguments, we show that, when the effective interaction compares with the kinetic energy,…
When a strong magnetic field is applied perpendicularly (along z) to a sheet confining electrons to two dimensions (x-y), highly correlated states emerge as a result of the interplay between electron-electron interactions, confinement and…
When the Coulomb repulsion between electrons dominates over their kinetic energy, electrons in two dimensional systems were predicted to spontaneously break continuous translation symmetry and form a quantum crystal. Efforts to observe this…
Two-dimensional (2D) solid-liquid transition (SLT)~\cite{Mermin1966Absence,Mermin1968Crystalline,Kosterlitz1972Long} concerns fundamental concepts of long-range correlations vital to magnetism, superconductivity, superfluidity, and…
The quantum-classical crossover from the Fermi liquid towards the Wigner solid is numerically revisited, considering small square lattice models where electrons interact via a Coulomb $U/r$ potential. The studies of models without disorder…
Wigner crystals are typically confined to ultralow temperatures where thermal motion is frozen out. Moir\'e superlattices in twisted two-dimensional materials have extended their stability to higher temperatures and densities, but rely on…
The phase diagram of quantum electron bilayers in zero magnetic field is obtained using density functional theory. For large electron densities the system is in the liquid phase, while for smaller densities the liquid may freeze (Wigner…
Strongly interacting electronic systems possess rich phase diagrams resulting from the competition between different quantum ground states. A general mechanism that relieves this frustration is the emergence of microemulsion phases, where…
Electrons can form an ordered solid crystal phase ascribed to the interplay between Coulomb repulsion and kinetic energy. Tuning these energy scales can drive a phase transition from electron solid to liquid, i.e. melting of Wigner crystal.…