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The surge of social media use brings huge demand of multilingual sentiment analysis (MSA) for unveiling cultural difference. So far, traditional methods resorted to machine translation---translating texts in other languages to English, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Yujie Lu , Tatsunori Mori

Statistical decision algorithms are increasingly deployed in domains where ground-truth labels are hard to obtain, such as hiring, university admissions, and content moderation. In these settings, models are typically trained on historical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Calvin Isley , Johann D. Gaebler , Sharad Goel

Deep Metric Learning (DML) methods have been proven relevant for visual similarity learning. However, they sometimes lack generalization properties because they are trained often using an inappropriate sample selection strategy or due to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Jorge Gonzalez-Zapata , Ivan Reyes-Amezcua , Daniel Flores-Araiza , Mauricio Mendez-Ruiz , Gilberto Ochoa-Ruiz , Andres Mendez-Vazquez

One of the central goals of causal machine learning is the accurate estimation of heterogeneous treatment effects from observational data. In recent years, meta-learning has emerged as a flexible, model-agnostic paradigm for estimating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Henri Arno , Paloma Rabaey , Thomas Demeester

Causal learning is the key to obtaining stable predictions and answering \textit{what if} problems in decision-makings. In causal learning, it is central to seek methods to estimate the average treatment effect (ATE) from observational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-12-07 Yiyan Huang , Cheuk Hang Leung , Qi Wu , Xing Yan

Modern deep learning models excel at pattern recognition but remain fundamentally limited by their reliance on spurious correlations, leading to poor generalization and a demand for massive datasets. We argue that a key ingredient for…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Mohamed Zayaan S

This paper presents a deep relational metric learning (DRML) framework for image clustering and retrieval. Most existing deep metric learning methods learn an embedding space with a general objective of increasing interclass distances and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-24 Wenzhao Zheng , Borui Zhang , Jiwen Lu , Jie Zhou

This paper proposes an introspective deep metric learning (IDML) framework for uncertainty-aware comparisons of images. Conventional deep metric learning methods produce confident semantic distances between images regardless of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Wenzhao Zheng , Chengkun Wang , Jie Zhou , Jiwen Lu

Climate models are essential to understand and project climate change, yet long-standing biases and uncertainties in their projections remain. This is largely associated with the representation of subgrid-scale processes, particularly…

The No Unmeasured Confounding Assumption is widely used to identify causal effects in observational studies. Recent work on proximal inference has provided alternative identification results that succeed even in the presence of unobserved…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-17 Benjamin Kompa , David R. Bellamy , Thomas Kolokotrones , James M. Robins , Andrew L. Beam

Machine learning models achieve state-of-the-art performance on many supervised learning tasks. However, prior evidence suggests that these models may learn to rely on shortcut biases or spurious correlations (intuitively, correlations that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Sindhu C. M. Gowda , Shalmali Joshi , Haoran Zhang , Marzyeh Ghassemi

Deep metric learning (DML) aims to minimize empirical expected loss of the pairwise intra-/inter- class proximity violations in the embedding space. We relate DML to feasibility problem of finite chance constraints. We show that minimizer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-08 Yeti Z. Gurbuz , Ogul Can , A. Aydin Alatan

Deep Metric Learning (DML) methods aim at learning an embedding space in which distances are closely related to the inherent semantic similarity of the inputs. Previous studies have shown that popular benchmark datasets often contain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Oriol Barbany , Xiaofan Lin , Muhammet Bastan , Arnab Dhua

Latent variable models provide a powerful framework for incorporating and inferring unobserved factors in observational data. In causal inference, they help account for hidden factors influencing treatment or outcome, thereby addressing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Tetsuro Morimura , Tatsushi Oka , Yugo Suzuki , Daisuke Moriwaki

Deep learning models such as convolutional neural networks and recurrent networks are widely applied in text classification. In spite of their great success, most deep learning models neglect the importance of modeling context information,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-05 Liuyu Xiang , Xiaoming Jin , Lan Yi , Guiguang Ding

To unbiasedly estimate a causal effect on an outcome unconfoundedness is often assumed. If there is sufficient knowledge on the underlying causal structure then existing confounder selection criteria can be used to select subsets of the…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-03-20 Jenny Häggström

Knowing the effect of an intervention is critical for human decision-making, but current approaches for causal effect estimation rely on manual data collection and structuring, regardless of the causal assumptions. This increases both the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Nikita Dhawan , Leonardo Cotta , Karen Ullrich , Rahul G. Krishnan , Chris J. Maddison

One way to quantify exposure to air pollution and its constituents in epidemiologic studies is to use an individual's nearest monitor. This strategy results in potential inaccuracy in the actual personal exposure, introducing bias in…

Proper hyperparameter tuning is essential for achieving optimal performance of modern machine learning (ML) methods in predictive tasks. While there is an extensive literature on tuning ML learners for prediction, there is only little…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-02-08 Philipp Bach , Oliver Schacht , Victor Chernozhukov , Sven Klaassen , Martin Spindler

Merging the two cultures of deep and statistical learning provides insights into structured high-dimensional data. Traditional statistical modeling is still a dominant strategy for structured tabular data. Deep learning can be viewed…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-25 Anindya Bhadra , Jyotishka Datta , Nick Polson , Vadim Sokolov , Jianeng Xu