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We introduce a novel algorithm for gradient-based optimization of stochastic objective functions. The method may be seen as a variant of SGD with momentum equipped with an adaptive learning rate automatically adjusted by an 'energy'…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-24 Hailiang Liu , Xuping Tian

The dynamical stability of the iterates during training plays a key role in determining the minima obtained by optimization algorithms. For example, stable solutions of gradient descent (GD) correspond to flat minima, which have been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Rotem Mulayoff , Sebastian U. Stich

Differentially private stochastic gradient descent (DP-SGD) is the gold standard for training machine learning models with formal differential privacy guarantees. Several recent extensions improve its accuracy by introducing correlated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Nikita P. Kalinin , Ryan McKenna , Rasmus Pagh , Christoph H. Lampert

We consider the well-studied setting of minimizing a convex Lipschitz function using either gradient descent (GD) or its stochastic variant (SGD), and examine the last iterate convergence. By now, it is known that standard stepsize choices…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Guy Kornowski , Ohad Shamir

Under data distributions which may be heavy-tailed, many stochastic gradient-based learning algorithms are driven by feedback queried at points with almost no performance guarantees on their own. Here we explore a modified "anytime…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-01 Matthew J. Holland

We study diffusion and consensus based optimization of a sum of unknown convex objective functions over distributed networks. The only access to these functions is through stochastic gradient oracles, each of which is only available at a…

Numerical Analysis · Computer Science 2015-09-01 N. Denizcan Vanli , Muhammed O. Sayin , Suleyman S. Kozat

Minimax optimal convergence rates for classes of stochastic convex optimization problems are well characterized, where the majority of results utilize iterate averaged stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with polynomially decaying step sizes.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-30 Rong Ge , Sham M. Kakade , Rahul Kidambi , Praneeth Netrapalli

Distributed stochastic gradient descent (SGD) with gradient compression has become a popular communication-efficient solution for accelerating distributed learning. One commonly used method for gradient compression is Top-K sparsification,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Mengzhe Ruan , Guangfeng Yan , Yuanzhang Xiao , Linqi Song , Weitao Xu

This paper introduces an iterative algorithm for training nonparametric additive models that enjoys favorable memory storage and computational requirements. The algorithm can be viewed as the functional counterpart of stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-01-01 Xin Chen , Jason M. Klusowski

Recent studies have provided both empirical and theoretical evidence illustrating that heavy tails can emerge in stochastic gradient descent (SGD) in various scenarios. Such heavy tails potentially result in iterates with diverging…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Hongjian Wang , Mert Gürbüzbalaban , Lingjiong Zhu , Umut Şimşekli , Murat A. Erdogdu

This paper addresses the challenge of integrating sequentially arriving data within the quantile regression framework, where the number of features is allowed to grow with the number of observations, the horizon is unknown, and memory is…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Yinan Shen , Dong Xia , Wen-Xin Zhou

Decentralized stochastic optimization methods have gained a lot of attention recently, mainly because of their cheap per iteration cost, data locality, and their communication-efficiency. In this paper we introduce a unified convergence…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-03 Anastasia Koloskova , Nicolas Loizou , Sadra Boreiri , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian U. Stich

We study the dynamics of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for a class of sequence models termed Sequence Single-Index (SSI) models, where the target depends on a single direction in input space applied to a sequence of tokens. This setting…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-13 Luca Arnaboldi , Bruno Loureiro , Ludovic Stephan , Florent Krzakala , Lenka Zdeborova

Over the last decades, Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) has been intensively studied by the Machine Learning community. Despite its versatility and excellent performance, the optimization of large models via SGD still is a time-consuming…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Mauro DL Tosi , Martin Theobald

As one of the most fundamental stochastic optimization algorithms, stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has been intensively developed and extensively applied in machine learning in the past decade. There have been some modified SGD-type…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Ruinan Jin , Yu Xing , Xingkang He

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) holds as a classical method to build large scale machine learning models over big data. A stochastic gradient is typically calculated from a limited number of samples (known as mini-batch), so it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-01-14 Yadong Mu , Wei Liu , Wei Fan

Many problems encountered in science and engineering can be formulated as estimating a low-rank object (e.g., matrices and tensors) from incomplete, and possibly corrupted, linear measurements. Through the lens of matrix and tensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Cong Ma , Xingyu Xu , Tian Tong , Yuejie Chi

We develop a stochastic differential equation, called homogenized SGD, for analyzing the dynamics of stochastic gradient descent (SGD) on a high-dimensional random least squares problem with $\ell^2$-regularization. We show that homogenized…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-05-17 Courtney Paquette , Elliot Paquette , Ben Adlam , Jeffrey Pennington

When using stochastic gradient descent to solve large-scale machine learning problems, a common practice of data processing is to shuffle the training data, partition the data across multiple machines if needed, and then perform several…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-10-02 Qi Meng , Wei Chen , Yue Wang , Zhi-Ming Ma , Tie-Yan Liu

An increasing bottleneck in decentralized optimization is communication. Bigger models and growing datasets mean that decentralization of computation is important and that the amount of information exchanged is quickly growing. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-19 Tharindu B. Adikari , Stark C. Draper