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Considering an entropy-based division of energy transferred into heat and work, we develop an alternative theoretical framework for the thermodynamic analysis of two-level systems. When comparing these results with those obtained under the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-04-14 Andrés Vallejo , Alejandro Romanelli , Raúl Donangelo

Thermodynamics was developed in the XIXth century to provide a physical description to engines and other macroscopic thermal machines. Since then, progress in nanotechnologies urged to extend these formalism, initially designed for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-09-11 Cyril Elouard

We expand the standard thermodynamic framework of a system coupled to a thermal reservoir by considering a stream of independently prepared units repeatedly put into contact with the system. These units can be in any nonequilibrium state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-04-12 Philipp Strasberg , Gernot Schaller , Tobias Brandes , Massimiliano Esposito

In this review the debated rapport between thermodynamics and quantum mechanics is addressed in the framework of the theory of periodically-driven/controlled quantum-thermodynamic machines. The basic model studied here is that of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-09-15 D. Gelbwaser-Klimovsky , Wolfgang Niedenzu , Gershon Kurizki

One of the most important goals in quantum thermodynamics is to demonstrate advantages of thermodynamic protocols over their classical counterparts. For that, it is necessary to (i) develop theoretical tools and experimental set-ups to deal…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Elisa Bäumer , Matteo Lostaglio , Martí Perarnau-Llobet , Rui Sampaio

This work focuses on the response to an external field of a Brownian particle submerged in an Ohmic quantum thermal bath. The field only affects the dynamics of the central particle without affecting the thermal reservoir. The thermodynamic…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-11-12 Pedro J. Colmenares

The thermodynamics of quantum systems coupled to periodically modulated heat baths and work reservoirs is developed. By identifying affinities and fluxes, the first and second law are formulated consistently. In the linear response regime,…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-06-29 Kay Brandner , Udo Seifert

The thermodynamics of small quantum many-body systems strongly coupled to a heat bath at low temperatures with non-Markovian behavior are new challenges for quantum thermodynamics, as traditional thermodynamics is built on large systems…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-23 Jen-Tsung Hsiang , B. L. Hu

We introduce an alternative way to understand the decomposition of a quantum system into interacting parts and show that it is natural in several physical models. This enables us to define a reduced density operator for a working system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-09-08 Adam Stokes

It is an established fact that quantum coherences have thermodynamic value. The natural question arises, whether other genuine quantum properties such as entanglement can also be exploited to extract thermodynamic work. In the present…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-23 Akram Touil , Barış Çakmak , Sebastian Deffner

In recent years we have witnessed a concentrated effort to make sense of thermodynamics for small-scale systems. One of the main difficulties is to capture a suitable notion of work that models realistically the purpose of quantum machines,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-11-23 R. Gallego , J. Eisert , H. Wilming

We develop a physics-based model for classical computation based on autonomous quantum thermal machines. These machines consist of few interacting quantum bits (qubits) connected to several environments at different temperatures. Heat flows…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Patryk Lipka-Bartosik , Martí Perarnau-Llobet , Nicolas Brunner

Given the evolution of an arbitrary open quantum system, we formulate a general and unambiguous method to separate the internal energy change of the system into an entropy-related contribution and a part causing no entropy change,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 S. Alipour , A. T. Rezakhani , A. Chenu , A. del Campo , T. Ala-Nissila

Technological and scientific advances have given rise to an era in which coherent quantum-mechanical phenomena can be probed and experimentally-realised over unprecedented timescales in condensed matter physics. In turn, scientific interest…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-23 Marlon Brenes

Quantum thermodynamics studies how quantum systems and operations may be exploited as sources of work to perform useful thermodynamic tasks. In real-world conditions, the evolution of open quantum systems typically displays memory effects,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-30 Guilherme Zambon , Gerardo Adesso

The treatment of quantum thermodynamic systems beyond weak coupling is of increasing relevance, yet extremely challenging. The evaluation of thermodynamic quantities in strong-coupling regimes requires a nonperturbative knowledge of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-16 Francesco Albarelli , Bassano Vacchini , Andrea Smirne

Thermodynamics and information have intricate interrelations. Often thermodynamics is considered to be the logical premise to justify that information is physical - through Landauer's principle -, thereby also linking information and…

The separation of internal energy into heat and work in quantum thermodynamics is a controversial issue for a long time, and we revisit and solve this problem in this work. It is shown that the Hamiltonian plays dual roles for a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-03 Tao Zhou , Jiangyang Pu , Xiaohua Wu

How should one define thermodynamic quantities (internal energy, work, heat, etc.) for quantum systems coupled to their environments strongly? We examine three (classically equivalent) definitions of a quantum system's internal energy under…

Quantum open systems evolve according to completely positive, trace preserving maps acting on the density operator, which can equivalently be unraveled in term of so-called quantum trajectories. These stochastic sequences of pure states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-05-01 Cyril Elouard , Hamed Mohammady