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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a powerful meshless tool for topology optimization, capable of simultaneously determining optimal topologies and physical solutions. However, conventional PINNs rely on density-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Yuanye Zhou , Zhaokun Wang , Kai Zhou , Hui Tang , Xiaofan Li

Terahertz (THz) imaging is one of the hotspots in the field of optics, where the depth information retrieval is a key factor to restore the three-dimensional appearance of objects. Impressive results for depth extraction in visible and…

Optics · Physics 2024-07-09 Mingjun Xiang , Hui Yuan , Kai Zhou , Hartmut G. Roskos

Physics-informed neural network (PINN) is a data-driven approach to solve equations. It is successful in many applications; however, the accuracy of the PINN is not satisfactory when it is used to solve multiscale equations. Homogenization…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2021-08-31 Wing Tat Leung , Guang Lin , Zecheng Zhang

In various engineering and applied science applications, repetitive numerical simulations of partial differential equations (PDEs) for varying input parameters are often required (e.g., aircraft shape optimization over many design…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Woojin Cho , Kookjin Lee , Donsub Rim , Noseong Park

Large-scale wave field reconstruction requires precise solutions but faces challenges with computational efficiency and accuracy. The physics-based numerical methods like Finite Element Method (FEM) provide high accuracy but struggle with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Huiwen Zhang , Feng Ye , Chu Ma

Inverse design arises in a variety of areas in engineering such as acoustic, mechanics, thermal/electronic transport, electromagnetism, and optics. Topology optimization is a major form of inverse design, where we optimize a designed…

Computational Physics · Physics 2022-01-19 Lu Lu , Raphael Pestourie , Wenjie Yao , Zhicheng Wang , Francesc Verdugo , Steven G. Johnson

Rapid aerodynamic screening of turbomachinery blades across wide operating envelopes remains a major computational bottleneck in preliminary design, particularly for energy-conversion and storage systems such as emerging Carnot batteries.…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-05-25 Yuan Huang , Francesca di Mare

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are revolutionizing science and engineering practice by bringing together the power of deep learning to bear on scientific computation. In forward modeling problems, PINNs are meshless partial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Yicheng Wang , Xiaotian Han , Chia-Yuan Chang , Daochen Zha , Ulisses Braga-Neto , Xia Hu

Solving inverse problems in dynamical systems governed by high-dimensional coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) is a ubiquitous challenge in scientific machine learning. In many real-world applications, researchers seek to uncover…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Zhao Wei , Kenneth Hor Cheng Koh , Sheng Yuan Chin , James Chun Yip Chan , Chin Chun Ooi , Yew-Soon Ong

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising mesh-free paradigm for solving partial differential equations, yet adoption in science and engineering is limited by slow training and modest accuracy relative to modern…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Pao-Hsiung Chiu , Jian Cheng Wong , Chin Chun Ooi , Chang Wei , Yuchen Fan , Yew-Soon Ong

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have emerged as a promising numerical method based on deep learning for modeling boundary value problems, showcasing promising results in various fields. In this work, we use PINNs to discretize…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-06-10 Michel Nohra , Steven Dufour

Despite their ubiquity, the rich physics present in a plasma sheath has inhibited the development of a generally applicable description of this critical region. The present study utilizes a physics-informed neural network (PINN) to evaluate…

Plasma Physics · Physics 2026-04-27 Ethan Webb , Yuzhi Li , Christopher McDevitt

Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN) is a novel multi-task learning framework useful for solving physical problems modeled using differential equations (DEs) by integrating the knowledge of physics and known constraints into the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Shivprasad Kathane , Shyamprasad Karagadde

In this paper, we develop a deep learning approach for the accurate solution of challenging problems of near-field microscopy that leverages the powerful framework of physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) for the inversion of the complex…

Optics · Physics 2024-06-12 Yuyao Chen , Luca Dal Negro

Accurate reconstruction of magnetic fields in inaccessible regions is vital for many high-precision experiments in physics. Traditional methods, such as spherical harmonic expansion, often suffer from truncation errors that limit their…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2026-05-26 Haohan Yu , Zhanxu Hao , Bingzhi Li , Zejia Lu , Xiang Chen , Liang Li

Ultrafast optics is driven by a myriad of complex nonlinear dynamics. The ubiquitous presence of governing equations in the form of partial integro-differential equations (PIDE) necessitates the need for advanced computational tools to…

Optics · Physics 2024-10-23 Jonathan Musgrave , Shu-Wei Huang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) face significant challenges in modeling multi-frequency wavefields in complex velocity models due to their slow convergence, difficulty in representing high-frequency details, and lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Shijun Cheng , Tariq Alkhalifah

Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) is a powerful tool for extracting optical and electrical parameters, as well as probing internal structures and surface morphology of materials. However, conventional simulation techniques, such…

Optics · Physics 2025-10-07 Pengfei Zhu , Xavier Maldague

The aim of this paper is to introduce a Mapping-based Hard-constrained Physics-Informed Neural Network (MH-PINN) for efficiently and accurately solving unbounded wave problems. First, we propose a coordinate mapping technique that…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-23 Tao Zhang , Hanshu Chen , Ilia Marchevsky , Zhuojia Fu

The upcoming sixth Generation (6G) of wireless networks envisions ultra-low latency and energy efficient Edge Inference (EI) for diverse Internet of Things (IoT) applications. However, traditional digital hardware for machine learning is…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Kyriakos Stylianopoulos , Mario Edoardo Pandolfo , Paolo Di Lorenzo , George C. Alexandropoulos
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