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Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated impressive performance across a versatile set of tasks. A key challenge in accelerating VLMs is storing and accessing the large Key-Value (KV) cache that encodes long visual contexts, such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Dezhan Tu , Danylo Vashchilenko , Yuzhe Lu , Panpan Xu

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) has gained significant attention in streamable dynamic novel view synthesis (DNVS) for its photorealistic rendering capability and computational efficiency. Despite much progress in improving rendering quality…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Zhenyu Bao , Qing Li , Guibiao Liao , Zhongyuan Zhao , Kanglin Liu

Vision language models (VLMs) demonstrate strong capabilities in jointly processing visual and textual data. However, they often incur substantial computational overhead due to redundant visual information, particularly in long-form video…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-25 Yudong Liu , Jingwei Sun , Yueqian Lin , Jingyang Zhang , Ming Yin , Qinsi Wang , Jianyi Zhang , Hai Li , Yiran Chen

Vision-language models (VLMs) show remarkable performance in multimodal tasks. However, excessively long multimodal inputs lead to oversized Key-Value (KV) caches, resulting in significant memory consumption and I/O bottlenecks. Previous KV…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Zunhai Su , Wang Shen , Linge Li , Zhe Chen , Hanyu Wei , Huangqi Yu , Kehong Yuan

Sequence-to-sequence tasks often benefit from long contexts, but the quadratic complexity of self-attention in standard Transformers renders this non-trivial. During generation, temporary representations -stored in the so-called KV…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Vivek Chari , Guanghui Qin , Benjamin Van Durme

We present Mobile Video Networks (MoViNets), a family of computation and memory efficient video networks that can operate on streaming video for online inference. 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are accurate at video recognition but…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-20 Dan Kondratyuk , Liangzhe Yuan , Yandong Li , Li Zhang , Mingxing Tan , Matthew Brown , Boqing Gong

Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable potential across a wide range of practical applications. However, long-context inference remains a significant challenge due to the substantial memory requirements…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Bo Jiang , Taolue Yang , Youyuan Liu , Xubin He , Sheng Di , Sian Jin

Visual Geometry Grounded Transformers (VGGT) have set new benchmarks in high-fidelity 3D scene reconstruction. However, as the sequence length increases, these models suffer from catastrophic geometric forgetting and accumulation drift,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Tianchen Deng , Zhenxiang Xiong , Nailin Wang , Fangjinhua Wang , Jiuming Liu , Jianfei Yang , Hesheng Wang

We present a scalable 3D reconstruction model that addresses a critical limitation in offline feed-forward methods: their computational and memory requirements grow quadratically w.r.t. the number of input images. Our approach is built on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Sven Elflein , Ruilong Li , Sérgio Agostinho , Zan Gojcic , Laura Leal-Taixé , Qunjie Zhou , Aljosa Osep

In recent years, the results of view-based 3D shape recognition methods have saturated, and models with excellent performance cannot be deployed on memory-limited devices due to their huge size of parameters. To address this problem, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Lixiang Xu , Qingzhe Cui , Richang Hong , Wei Xu , Enhong Chen , Xin Yuan , Chenglong Li , Yuanyan Tang

Neural scene representations, such as 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS), have enabled high-quality neural rendering; however, their large storage and transmission costs hinder deployment in resource-constrained environments. Existing compression…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Jiaqi Chen , Xinhao Ji , Yuanyuan Gao , Hao Li , Yuning Gong , Yifei Liu , Dan Xu , Zhihang Zhong , Dingwen Zhang , Xiao Sun

Visual Geometry Grounded Transformer (VGGT) delivers state-of-the-art feed-forward 3D reconstruction, yet its global self-attention layer suffers from a drastic collapse phenomenon when the input sequence exceeds a few hundred frames:…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Huan Li , Longjun Luo , Yuling Shi , Xiaodong Gu

The key-value (KV) cache is widely treated as essential state in transformer inference, and a large body of work engineers policies to compress, evict, or approximate its entries. We prove that this state is entirely redundant: keys and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Kaleem Ullah Qasim , Jiashu Zhang , Muhammad Kafeel Shaheen , Razan Alharith , Heying Zhang

Multimodal Large Language Models have achieved significant success in offline video understanding, yet their application to streaming videos is severely limited by the linear explosion of visual tokens, which often leads to Out-of-Memory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Chao Wang , Xudong Tan , Jianjian Cao , Kangcong Li , Tao Chen

Streaming 3D reconstruction from long monocular video sequences requires maintaining a key-value (KV) cache that grows linearly with sequence length, creating a severe memory bottleneck. Existing approaches either truncate the cache to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Leyang Chen , Junyi Wu , Zhiteng Li , Yulun Zhang

We introduce VPNet, a novel model-driven neural network architecture based on variable projection (VP). Applying VP operators to neural networks results in learnable features, interpretable parameters, and compact network structures. This…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Péter Kovács , Gergő Bognár , Christian Huber , Mario Huemer

This paper presents FluxMem, a training-free framework for efficient streaming video understanding. FluxMem adaptively compresses redundant visual memory through a hierarchical, two-stage design: (1) a Temporal Adjacency Selection (TAS)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yiweng Xie , Bo He , Junke Wang , Xiangyu Zheng , Ziyi Ye , Zuxuan Wu

Free-viewpoint video (FVV) enables immersive viewing experiences by allowing users to view scenes from arbitrary perspectives. As a prominent reconstruction technique for FVV generation, 4D Gaussian Splatting (4DGS) models dynamic scenes…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Zhe Wang , Jinghang Li , Yifei Zhu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely adopted to process long-context tasks. However, the large memory overhead of the key-value (KV) cache poses significant challenges in long-context scenarios. Existing training-free KV cache…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Luning Wang , Shiyao Li , Xuefei Ning , Zhihang Yuan , Shengen Yan , Guohao Dai , Yu Wang

Self-forcing video generation extends a short-horizon video model to longer rollouts by repeatedly feeding generated content back in as context. This scaling path immediately exposes a systems bottleneck: the key-value (KV) cache grows with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Suraj Ranganath , Vaishak Menon , Anish Patnaik
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