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The identification of Line-of-Sight (LoS) conditions is critical for ensuring reliable high-frequency communication links, which are particularly vulnerable to blockages and rapid channel variations. Network Digital Twins (NDTs) and…
Test-Time Training (TTT) is an emerging paradigm that enables models to adapt their parameters during inference, improving performance on tasks such as few-shot learning, retrieval-augmented generation, and complex reasoning. However, this…
Modern quadrupeds are skillful in traversing or even sprinting on uneven terrains in a remote uncontrolled environment. However, survival in the wild requires not only maneuverability, but also the ability to handle potential critical…
One of the challenges in twinned systems is ensuring the digital twin remains a valid representation of the system it twins. Depending on the type of twinning occurring, it is either trivial, such as in dashboarding/visualizations that…
Humans can leverage physical interaction to teach robot arms. This physical interaction takes multiple forms depending on the task, the user, and what the robot has learned so far. State-of-the-art approaches focus on learning from a single…
This paper introduces the innovative "LLMs-as-Instructors" framework, which leverages the advanced Large Language Models (LLMs) to autonomously enhance the training of smaller target models. Inspired by the theory of "Learning from Errors",…
The predictive accuracy of density functional theory (DFT) for alloy formation enthalpies is often limited by intrinsic energy resolution errors, particularly in ternary phase stability calculations. In this work, we present a machine…
Simulation-to-simulation and simulation-to-real world transfer of neural network models have been a difficult problem. To close the reality gap, prior methods to simulation-to-real world transfer focused on domain adaptation, decoupling…
We introduce a novel digital twin framework for predictive maintenance of long-term physical systems. Using monitoring tire health as an application, we show how the digital twin framework can be used to enhance automotive safety and…
Reinforcement Learning (RL), among other learning-based methods, represents powerful tools to solve complex robotic tasks (e.g., actuation, manipulation, navigation, etc.), with the need for real-world data to train these systems as one of…
In this paper we provide an account of how we ported a text and data mining course online in summer 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and how we improved it in a second pilot run. We describe the course, how we adapted it over the…
Bed-making is a universal home task that can be challenging for senior citizens due to reaching motions. Automating bed-making has multiple technical challenges such as perception in an unstructured environments, deformable object…
Shared-autonomy imitation learning lets a human correct a robot in real time, mitigating covariate-shift errors. Yet existing approaches ignore two critical factors: (i) the operator's cognitive load and (ii) the risk created by delayed or…
Standard gradient descent methods yield point estimates with no measure of confidence. This limitation is acute in overparameterized and low-data regimes, where models have many parameters relative to available data and can easily overfit.…
The rise of generative AI (gen-AI) is transforming industries, particularly in education and workforce training. This chapter introduces PRISM (Personalized, Rapid, and Immersive Skill Mastery), a scalable framework leveraging gen-AI and…
Extended Reality (XR) systems for physical skill training have largely emphasized simulation rather than real-time in-situ instruction. We present WeldAR, an Augmented Reality (AR) system with five learning modules that overlays real-time…
While automated driving technology has achieved a tremendous progress, the scalable and rigorous testing and verification of safe automated and autonomous driving vehicles remain challenging. This paper proposes a learning-based…
Clinical decision support must adapt online under safety constraints. We present an online adaptive tool where reinforcement learning provides the policy, a patient digital twin provides the environment, and treatment effect defines the…
The superior performance of deep learning relies heavily on a large collection of sample data, but the data insufficiency problem turns out to be relatively common in global electricity markets. How to prevent overfitting in this case…
Neural operators (NOs) employ deep neural networks to learn mappings between infinite-dimensional function spaces. Deep operator network (DeepONet), a popular NO architecture, has demonstrated success in the real-time prediction of complex…