English
Related papers

Related papers: Difference-in-Differences using Double Negative Co…

200 papers

This paper presents a novel approach to solving the indirect influence problem in networked systems, in which cooperative nodes must regulate a target node with uncertain dynamics to follow a desired trajectory. We leverage the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-22 Max L. Gardenswartz , Brandon C. Fallin , Cristian F. Nino , Warren E. Dixon

A key question in many network studies is whether the observed correlations between units are primarily due to contagion or latent confounding. Here, we study this question using a segregated graph (Shpitser, 2015) representation of these…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-07 Yufeng Wu , Rohit Bhattacharya

Graph data often contain noisy and spurious correlations that mask the true causal relationships, which are essential for enabling graph models to make predictions based on the underlying causal structure of the data. Dependence on spurious…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Simi Job , Xiaohui Tao , Taotao Cai , Haoran Xie , Jianming Yong

When employing deep neural networks (DNNs) for semantic segmentation in safety-critical applications like automotive perception or medical imaging, it is important to estimate their performance at runtime, e.g. via uncertainty estimates or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-18 Edgar Heinert , Stephan Tilgner , Timo Palm , Matthias Rottmann

We address the key challenge of size-induced distribution shifts in graph neural networks (GNNs) and their impact on the generalization of GNNs to larger graphs. Existing literature operates under diverse assumptions about distribution…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Gaotang Li , Danai Koutra , Yujun Yan

While deep neural networks (DNNs) are used for prediction, inference on DNN-estimated subject-specific means for categorical or exponential family outcomes remains underexplored. We address this by proposing a DNN estimator under…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-18 Xuran Meng , Yi Li

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been extensively used in various real-world applications. However, the predictive uncertainty of GNNs stemming from diverse sources such as inherent randomness in data and model training errors can lead to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Fangxin Wang , Yuqing Liu , Kay Liu , Yibo Wang , Sourav Medya , Philip S. Yu

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in using machine learning techniques for the estimation of treatment effects. Most of the best-performing methods rely on representation learning strategies that encourage shared behavior…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-19 Roger Pros , Jordi Vitrià

It has been observed that message-passing graph neural networks (GNN) sometimes struggle to maintain a healthy balance between the efficient/scalable modeling of long-range dependencies across nodes while avoiding unintended consequences…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Yongyi Yang , Tang Liu , Yangkun Wang , Zengfeng Huang , David Wipf

Effective decision making requires understanding the uncertainty inherent in a prediction. In regression, this uncertainty can be estimated by a variety of methods; however, many of these methods are laborious to tune, generate…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-02 Tianhui Zhou , Yitong Li , Yuan Wu , David Carlson

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved remarkable success in node classification. Building on this progress, heterogeneous graph neural networks (HGNNs) integrate relation types and node and edge semantics to leverage heterogeneous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Xiao Yang , Xuejiao Zhao , Zhiqi Shen

Uncovering rationales behind predictions of graph neural networks (GNNs) has received increasing attention over recent years. Instance-level GNN explanation aims to discover critical input elements, like nodes or edges, that the target GNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-20 Tianxiang Zhao , Dongsheng Luo , Xiang Zhang , Suhang Wang

This paper presents a novel application of graph neural networks for modeling and estimating network heterogeneity. Network heterogeneity is characterized by variations in unit's decisions or outcomes that depend not only on its own…

Econometrics · Economics 2024-01-30 Yike Wang , Chris Gu , Taisuke Otsu

Graph data is becoming increasingly prevalent due to the growing demand for relational insights in AI across various domains. Organizations regularly use graph data to solve complex problems involving relationships and connections. Causal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Simi Job , Xiaohui Tao , Taotao Cai , Haoran Xie , Jianming Yong , Xin Wang

Estimating causal effects under networked interference from observational data is a crucial yet challenging problem. Most existing methods mainly rely on the networked unconfoundedness assumption, which guarantees the identification of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Weilin Chen , Ruichu Cai , Jie Qiao , Yuguang Yan , José Miguel Hernández-Lobato

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have various practical applications, such as drug discovery, recommendation engines, and chip design. However, GNNs lack transparency as they cannot provide understandable explanations for their predictions. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-09 Samidha Verma , Burouj Armgaan , Sourav Medya , Sayan Ranu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) extend basic Neural Networks (NNs) by additionally making use of graph structure based on the relational inductive bias (edge bias), rather than treating the nodes as collections of independent and identically…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-07 Sitao Luan , Chenqing Hua , Qincheng Lu , Jiaqi Zhu , Xiao-Wen Chang , Doina Precup

This paper proposes a generalized Mundlak estimator based on graph neural networks (GME-GNN). The estimator is designed to mitigate bias arising from group-level heterogeneity and to accommodate within-group dependence among individuals.…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-05-29 Lianyan Fu , Rui Wang , Zihan Zhang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) aim to extend deep learning techniques to graph data and have achieved significant progress in graph analysis tasks (e.g., node classification) in recent years. However, similar to other deep neural networks…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Zhihua Jin , Yong Wang , Qianwen Wang , Yao Ming , Tengfei Ma , Huamin Qu

We provide a review and a comparison of methods for differential network estimation in Gaussian graphical models with focus on structure learning. We consider the case of two datasets from distributions associated with two graphical models.…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-03-07 Anna Plaksienko , Magne Thoresen , Vera Djordjilović