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Parameterized local search combines classic local search heuristics with the paradigm of parameterized algorithmics. While most local search algorithms aim to improve given solutions by performing one single operation on a given solution,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-06 Niels Grüttemeier , Nils Morawietz , Frank Sommer

This paper proposes a new framework for providing approximation guarantees of local search algorithms. Local search is a basic algorithm design technique and is widely used for various combinatorial optimization problems. To analyze local…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-06-03 Kaito Fujii

In this paper, we study the complexity of computing locally optimal solutions for weighted versions of standard set problems such as SetCover, SetPacking, and many more. For our investigation, we use the framework of PLS, as defined in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2015-05-18 Dominic Dumrauf , Tim Süß

In this paper, we study the parameterized complexity of local search, whose goal is to find a good nearby solution from the given current solution. Formally, given an optimization problem where the goal is to find the largest feasible…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Aditya Anand , Vincent Cohen-Addad , Tommaso d'Orsi , Anupam Gupta , Euiwoong Lee , Debmalya Panigrahi , Sijin Peng

The class PLS (Polynomial Local Search) captures the complexity of finding a solution that is locally optimal and has proven to be an important concept in the theory of local search. It has been shown that local search versions of various…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yasuaki Kobayashi , Kazuhiro Kurita , Yutaro Yamaguchi

Algorithms for learning decision trees often include heuristic local-search operations such as (1) adjusting the threshold of a cut or (2) also exchanging the feature of that cut. We study minimizing the number of classification errors by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Juha Harviainen , Frank Sommer , Manuel Sorge

We propose a unifying framework for smoothed analysis of combinatorial local optimization problems, and show how a diverse selection of problems within the complexity class PLS can be cast within this model. This abstraction allows us to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Yiannis Giannakopoulos , Alexander Grosz , Themistoklis Melissourgos

Large Neighborhood Search (LNS) is a common heuristic in combinatorial optimization that iteratively searches over a large neighborhood of the current solution for a better one. Recently, neural network-based LNS solvers have achieved great…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-25 Shengyu Feng , Zhiqing Sun , Yiming Yang

Constraint Programming (CP) and Local Search (LS) are different paradigms for dealing with combinatorial search and optimization problems. Their complementary features motivated researchers to create hybrid CP/LS solutions, maintaining both…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2019-09-19 Mateusz Ślażyński

Graph Balancing is the problem of orienting the edges of a weighted multigraph so as to minimize the maximum weighted in-degree. Since the introduction of the problem the best algorithm known achieves an approximation ratio of $1.75$ and it…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2018-11-05 Klaus Jansen , Lars Rohwedder

Local search is an effective method for solving large-scale combinatorial optimization problems, and it has made remarkable progress in recent years through several subtle mechanisms. In this paper, we found two ways to improve the local…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-06-30 Luyu Jiang , Dantong Ouyang , Qi Zhang , Liming Zhang

Applying local search algorithms to combinatorial optimization problems is not an easy feat. Typically, human intervention is required to compile the constraints to input data for some metaheuristic algorithm. In this paper, we establish a…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Jo Devriendt , Patrick De Causmaecker , Marc Denecker

We present a local search framework to design and analyze both combinatorial algorithms and rounding algorithms for experimental design problems. This framework provides a unifying approach to match and improve all known results in…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2020-12-21 Lap Chi Lau , Hong Zhou

Autonomous navigation often requires the simultaneous optimization of multiple objectives. The most common approach scalarizes these into a single cost function using a weighted sum, but this method is unable to find all possible trade-offs…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Krishna Kalavadia , Shamak Dutta , Yash Vardhan Pant , Stephen L. Smith

Local Search is one of the fundamental approaches to combinatorial optimization and it is used throughout AI. Several local search algorithms are based on searching the k-exchange neighborhood. This is the set of solutions that can be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2012-08-20 Serge Gaspers , Eun Jung Kim , Sebastian Ordyniak , Saket Saurabh , Stefan Szeider

In this work, we initiate a thorough study of parameterized graph optimization problems in the distributed setting. In a parameterized problem, an algorithm decides whether a solution of size bounded by a \emph{parameter} $k$ exists and if…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2018-08-07 Ran Ben-Basat , Ken-ichi Kawarabayashi , Gregory Schwartzman

Most Probable Explanation (MPE) inference in Probabilistic Graphical Models (PGMs) is a fundamental yet computationally challenging problem arising in domains such as diagnosis, planning, and structured prediction. In many practical…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Brij Malhotra , Shivvrat Arya , Tahrima Rahman , Vibhav Giridhar Gogate

Local search is a basic building block in memetic algorithms. Guided Local Search (GLS) can improve the efficiency of local search. By changing the guide function, GLS guides a local search to escape from locally optimal solutions and find…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-09-25 Jialong Shi , Qingfu Zhang , Edward Tsang

Limited resources motivate decomposing large-scale problems into smaller,``local" subsystems and stitching together the so-found solutions. We explore the physics underlying this approach and discuss the concept of ``local hardness", i.e.,…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2025-12-24 Mutian Shen , Gerardo Ortiz , Zhiqiao Dong , Martin Weigel , Zohar Nussinov

Pseudo-Boolean Optimization (PBO) provides a powerful framework for modeling combinatorial problems through pseudo-Boolean (PB) constraints. Local search solvers have shown excellent performance in PBO solving, and their efficiency is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Jinyuan Li , Yi Chu , Yiwen Sun , Mengchuan Zou , Shaowei Cai
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