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Related papers: Retrieval--Reasoning Processes for Multi-hop Quest…

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Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia

Large reasoning models such as DeepSeek-R1 and OpenAI o1 generate extended chains of thought spanning thousands of tokens, yet their integration with retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) remains fundamentally misaligned. Current RAG systems…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Dongxin Guo , Jikun Wu , Siu Ming Yiu

Reading Comprehension has received significant attention in recent years as high quality Question Answering (QA) datasets have become available. Despite state-of-the-art methods achieving strong overall accuracy, Multi-Hop (MH) reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-05-24 Alex Long , Joel Mason , Alan Blair , Wei Wang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a powerful paradigm for Large Language Models (LLMs) to address knowledge-intensive queries requiring domain-specific or up-to-date information. To handle complex multi-hop questions that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-05 Yuxin Wang , Shicheng Fang , Bo Wang , Qi Luo , Xuanjing Huang , Yining Zheng , Xipeng Qiu

Biomedical Question Answering systems play a critical role in processing complex medical queries, yet they often struggle with the intricate nature of medical data and the demand for multi-hop reasoning. In this paper, we propose a model…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Quoc-An Nguyen , Thi-Minh-Thu Vu , Bich-Dat Nguyen , Dinh-Quang-Minh Tran , Hoang-Quynh Le

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown proficiency in question-answering tasks but often struggle to integrate real-time knowledge, leading to potentially outdated or inaccurate responses. This problem becomes even more challenging when…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-15 Yucheng Shi , Qiaoyu Tan , Xuansheng Wu , Shaochen Zhong , Kaixiong Zhou , Ninghao Liu

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has emerged as a standard framework for knowledge-intensive NLP tasks, combining large language models (LLMs) with document retrieval from external corpora. Despite its widespread use, most RAG pipelines…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Mandeep Rathee , V Venktesh , Sean MacAvaney , Avishek Anand

State-of-the-art approaches to reasoning and question answering over knowledge graphs (KGs) usually scale with the number of edges and can only be applied effectively on small instance-dependent subgraphs. In this paper, we address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Mattia Atzeni , Jasmina Bogojeska , Andreas Loukas

Knowledge-intensive multi-hop question answering (QA) tasks, which require integrating evidence from multiple sources to address complex queries, often necessitate multiple rounds of retrieval and iterative generation by large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Binquan Ji , Haibo Luo , Yifei Lu , Lei Hei , Jiaqi Wang , Tingjing Liao , Lingyu Wang , Shichao Wang , Feiliang Ren

Composing knowledge from multiple pieces of texts is a key challenge in multi-hop question answering. We present a multi-hop reasoning dataset, Question Answering via Sentence Composition(QASC), that requires retrieving facts from a large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-06 Tushar Khot , Peter Clark , Michal Guerquin , Peter Jansen , Ashish Sabharwal

Multi-hop Knowledge Base Question Answering (KBQA) aims to find the answer entities that are multiple hops away in the Knowledge Base (KB) from the entities in the question. A major challenge is the lack of supervision signals at…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-08 Gaole He , Yunshi Lan , Jing Jiang , Wayne Xin Zhao , Ji-Rong Wen

Multi-source multi-hop question answering (QA) represents a challenging task in natural language processing due to the need for dynamic integration of heterogeneous knowledge sources and multi-step reasoning. Existing methods often suffer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jackson Coleman , Isaiah Lawrence , Benjamin Turner

Multi-hop reading comprehension (RC) questions are challenging because they require reading and reasoning over multiple paragraphs. We argue that it can be difficult to construct large multi-hop RC datasets. For example, even highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Sewon Min , Eric Wallace , Sameer Singh , Matt Gardner , Hannaneh Hajishirzi , Luke Zettlemoyer

We present a Chain-of-Action (CoA) framework for multimodal and retrieval-augmented Question-Answering (QA). Compared to the literature, CoA overcomes two major challenges of current QA applications: (i) unfaithful hallucination that is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Zhenyu Pan , Haozheng Luo , Manling Li , Han Liu

In response to the increasing use of interactive artificial intelligence, the demand for the capacity to handle complex questions has increased. Multi-hop question generation aims to generate complex questions that requires multi-step…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Seonjeong Hwang , Yunsu Kim , Gary Geunbae Lee

Building training-ready multi-hop question answering (QA) datasets that truly stress a model's retrieval and reasoning abilities remains highly challenging recently. While there have been a few recent evaluation datasets that capture the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Bingsen Qiu , Zijian Liu , Xiao Liu , Bingjie Wang , Feier Zhang , Yixuan Qin , Chunyan Li , Haoshen Yang , Zeren Gao

While large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong capabilities in tasks like question answering and fact verification, they continue to suffer from hallucinations and reasoning errors, especially in multi-hop tasks that require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Jingtian Wu , Claire Cardie

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) has been introduced to mitigate hallucinations in Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) by incorporating external knowledge into the generation process, and it has become a widely adopted approach for…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Zhuohang Jiang , Pangjing Wu , Xu Yuan , Wenqi Fan , Qing Li

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) systems face challenges with complex, multihop questions, and agentic frameworks such as Search-R1 (Jin et al., 2025), which operates iteratively, have been proposed to address these complexities.…

Obtaining training data for multi-hop question answering (QA) is time-consuming and resource-intensive. We explore the possibility to train a well-performed multi-hop QA model without referencing any human-labeled multi-hop question-answer…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Liangming Pan , Wenhu Chen , Wenhan Xiong , Min-Yen Kan , William Yang Wang