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As machine learning algorithms have been widely deployed across applications, many concerns have been raised over the fairness of their predictions, especially in high stakes settings (such as facial recognition and medical imaging). To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-16 Valeriia Cherepanova , Vedant Nanda , Micah Goldblum , John P. Dickerson , Tom Goldstein

Unbinned likelihood fits aim at maximizing the information one can extract from experimental data, yet their application in realistic statistical analyses is often hindered by the computational cost of profiling systematic uncertainties.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-02-16 Davide Valsecchi , Mauro Donegà , Rainer Wallny

A key challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) is environment generalization: a policy trained to solve a task in one environment often fails to solve the same task in a slightly different test environment. A common approach to improve…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-07-30 Wenxuan Zhou , Lerrel Pinto , Abhinav Gupta

Irrespective of the specific definition of fairness in a machine learning application, pruning the underlying model affects it. We investigate and document the emergence and exacerbation of undesirable per-class performance imbalances,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-22 Michela Paganini

In standard fair division models, we assume that all agents are selfish. However, in many scenarios, division of resources has a direct impact on the whole group or even society. Therefore, we study fair allocations of indivisible items…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Argyris Deligkas , Eduard Eiben , Tiger-Lily Goldsmith , Dušan Knop , Šimon Schierreich

Fairness is becoming a rising concern w.r.t. machine learning model performance. Especially for sensitive fields such as criminal justice and loan decision, eliminating the prediction discrimination towards a certain group of population…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Xiaoqian Wang , Heng Huang

This paper introduces a framework for estimating fair optimal predictions using machine learning where the notion of fairness can be quantified using path-specific causal effects. We use a recently developed approach based on Lagrange…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-06 Razieh Nabi , David Benkeser

Fair clustering has gained increasing attention in recent years, especially in applications involving socially sensitive attributes. However, existing fair clustering methods often lack interpretability, limiting their applicability in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Mudi Jiang , Jiahui Zhou , Xinying Liu , Zengyou He , Zhikui Chen

We consider the problem of learning fair policies for multi-stage selection problems from observational data. This problem arises in several high-stakes domains such as company hiring, loan approval, or bail decisions where outcomes (e.g.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Zhuangzhuang Jia , Grani A. Hanasusanto , Phebe Vayanos , Weijun Xie

As the rapid proliferation of AI systems and harms spurs efforts in AI governance around the world, prioritizing among competing policy options has become increasingly challenging for policymakers and researchers. We introduce a methodology…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Julia Barnett , Kimon Kieslich , Natali Helberger , Nicholas Diakopoulos

In the rapidly advancing field of artificial intelligence, machine perception is becoming paramount to achieving increased performance. Image classification systems are becoming increasingly integral to various applications, ranging from…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Javon Hickmon

Many fairness criteria constrain the policy or choice of predictors, which can have unwanted consequences, in particular, when optimizing the policy under such constraints. Here, we advocate to instead focus on the utility function the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-03-19 Frederik Hytting Jørgensen , Sebastian Weichwald , Jonas Peters

To ensure unbiased and ethical automated predictions, fairness must be a core principle in machine learning applications. Fairness in machine learning aims to mitigate biases present in the training data and model imperfections that could…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Jan Pablo Burgard , João Vitor Pamplona

Clustering algorithms may unintentionally propagate or intensify existing disparities, leading to unfair representations or biased decision-making. Current fair clustering methods rely on notions of fairness that do not capture any…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-15 Fritz Bayer , Drago Plecko , Niko Beerenwinkel , Jack Kuipers

We study causal inference in settings characterized by interference with a bipartite structure. There are two distinct sets of units: intervention units to which an intervention can be applied and outcome units on which the outcome of…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-29 Georgia Papadogeorgou , Zhaoyan Song , Guido Imbens , Fabrizia Mealli

This paper investigates the case of interference, when a unit's treatment also affects other units' outcome. When interference is at work, policy evaluation mostly relies on the use of randomized experiments under cluster interference and…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-06-13 Laura Forastiere , Davide Del Prete , Valerio Leone Sciabolazza

The ongoing pandemic has highlighted the importance of reliable and efficient clinical trials in healthcare. Trial sites, where the trials are conducted, are chosen mainly based on feasibility in terms of medical expertise and access to a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Rakshith S Srinivasa , Cheng Qian , Brandon Theodorou , Jeffrey Spaeder , Cao Xiao , Lucas Glass , Jimeng Sun

Machine learning-driven rankings, where individuals (or items) are ranked in response to a query, mediate search exposure or attention in a variety of safety-critical settings. Thus, it is important to ensure that such rankings are fair.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Aparna Balagopalan , Kai Wang , Olawale Salaudeen , Asia Biega , Marzyeh Ghassemi

Fairness-aware statistical learning is essential for mitigating discrimination against protected attributes such as gender, race, and ethnicity in data-driven decision-making. This is particularly critical in high-stakes applications like…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-15 Fei Huang , Junhao Shen , Yanrong Yang , Ran Zhao

Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed various sectors and institutions, including education and healthcare. Although AI offers immense potential for innovation and problem solving, its integration also raises significant ethical…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-12-05 William Franz Lamberti