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LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have demonstrated significant potential in enhancing single LLMs to address complex and diverse tasks in practical applications. Despite considerable advancements, the field lacks a unified codebase that…

Multi-agent systems (MAS) enable complex reasoning by coordinating multiple agents, but often incur high inference latency due to multi-step execution and repeated model invocations, severely limiting their scalability and usability in…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Xi Shi , Mengxin Zheng , Qian Lou

Large Language Model (LLM)-based Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) have emerged as a powerful paradigm for tackling complex, multi-step tasks across diverse domains. However, despite their impressive capabilities, MAS remain susceptible to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Shen Dong , Mingxuan Zhang , Pengfei He , Li Ma , Bhavani Thuraisingham , Hui Liu , Yue Xing

Large Language Models (LLM) are increasingly being explored for problem-solving tasks. However, their strategic planning capability is often viewed with skepticism. Recent studies have incorporated the Monte Carlo Tree Search (MCTS)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-05 Bingzheng Gan , Yufan Zhao , Tianyi Zhang , Jing Huang , Yusu Li , Shu Xian Teo , Changwang Zhang , Wei Shi

Despite enthusiasm for Multi-Agent LLM Systems (MAS), their performance gains on popular benchmarks are often minimal. This gap highlights a critical need for a principled understanding of why MAS fail. Addressing this question requires…

The application of LLM-based agents in financial investment has shown significant promise, yet existing approaches often require intermediate steps like predicting individual stock movements or rely on predefined, static workflows. These…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Taian Guo , Haiyang Shen , JinSheng Huang , Zhengyang Mao , Junyu Luo , Binqi Chen , Zhuoru Chen , Luchen Liu , Bingyu Xia , Xuhui Liu , Yun Ma , Ming Zhang

Mathematical reasoning is a fundamental capability for large language models (LLMs), yet achieving high performance in this domain remains a significant challenge. The auto-regressive generation process often makes LLMs susceptible to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-02 Xiaoxuan Lou , Chaojie Wang , Bo An

Large Language Model (LLM)-based multi-agent systems (MAS) have emerged as a promising paradigm for solving complex tasks. However, existing works often rely on manual designs or "one-size-fits-all" automation, lacking dynamic adaptability…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Guangyi Liu , Haojun Lin , Huan Zeng , Heng Wang , Quanming Yao

This study explores the application of chaos engineering to enhance the robustness of Large Language Model-Based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-MAS) in production-like environments under real-world conditions. LLM-MAS can potentially improve a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Joshua Owotogbe

Although the prevention of AI vulnerabilities is critical to preserve the safety and privacy of users and businesses, educational tools for robust AI are still underdeveloped worldwide. We present the design, implementation, and assessment…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Margarita Geleta , Jiacen Xu , Manikanta Loya , Junlin Wang , Sameer Singh , Zhou Li , Sergio Gago-Masague

Recent advancements in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential in diverse task scenarios. Nonetheless, existing agentic systems typically rely on predefined agent-role design…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Zhipeng Hou , Junyi Tang , Yipeng Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved impressive results in natural language understanding, yet their reasoning capabilities remain limited when operating as single agents. Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) has been proposed to address this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Xiao Wang , Jia Wang , Yijie Wang , Pengtao Dang , Sha Cao , Chi Zhang

Large Language Model (LLM)-powered multi-agent systems (MAS) have rapidly advanced collaborative reasoning, tool use, and role-specialized coordination in complex tasks. However, reliability-critical deployment remains hindered by a…

While multi-agent systems (MAS) promise elevated intelligence through coordination of agents, current approaches to automatic MAS design under-deliver. Such shortcomings stem from two key factors: (1) methodological complexity - agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Zixuan Ke , Yifei Ming , Austin Xu , Ryan Chin , Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Prathyusha Jwalapuram , Jiayu Wang , Semih Yavuz , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) has shown clear effectiveness in coordinating multiple agents across simulated benchmarks and constrained scenarios. However, its deployment in real-world multi-agent systems (MAS) remains limited,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Siyi Hu , Mohamad A Hady , Jianglin Qiao , Jimmy Cao , Mahardhika Pratama , Ryszard Kowalczyk

Large language model advancements have enabled the development of multi-agent frameworks to tackle complex, real-world problems such as to automate tasks that require interactions with diverse tools, reasoning, and human collaboration. We…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-30 Anubhav Shrimal , Stanley Kanagaraj , Kriti Biswas , Swarnalatha Raghuraman , Anish Nediyanchath , Yi Zhang , Promod Yenigalla

Agentic AI systems, which build on Large Language Models (LLMs) and interact with tools and memory, have rapidly advanced in capability and scope. Yet, since LLMs have been shown to struggle in multilingual settings, typically resulting in…

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have substantially evolved Multi-Agent Systems (MASs) capabilities, enabling systems that not only automate tasks but also leverage near-human reasoning capabilities. To achieve this,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Humza Sami , Mubashir ul Islam , Samy Charas , Asav Gandhi , Pierre-Emmanuel Gaillardon , Valerio Tenace

A multi-agent system (MAS) powered by large language models (LLMs) can automate tedious user tasks such as meeting scheduling that requires inter-agent collaboration. LLMs enable nuanced protocols that account for unstructured private data,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Mason Nakamura , Abhinav Kumar , Saaduddin Mahmud , Sahar Abdelnabi , Shlomo Zilberstein , Eugene Bagdasarian

Prompt optimization has become a practical way to improve the performance of Large Language Models (LLMs) without retraining. However, most existing frameworks treat evaluation as a black box, relying solely on outcome scores without…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Wonduk Seo , Juhyeon Lee , Junseo Koh , Wonseok Choi , Hyunjin An , Jian Park , Seunghyun lee , Haihua Chen , Yi Bu