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The gravitational time delay of light, also called the Shapiro time delay, is one of the four classical tests of Einstein's theory of general relativity. This article derives the Newtonian version of the Shapiro time delay from Einstein's…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-01-03 Markus Pössel

Shapiro time delay is one of the fundamental tests of general relativity and post-Newtonian theories of gravity. Consequently, its measurements can be used to probe the parameter $\gamma$ which is related to spacetime curvature produced by…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2020-10-05 Andrew G. Sullivan , Doğa Veske , Zsuzsa Márka , Imre Bartos , Stefan Ballmer , Peter Shawhan , Szabolcs Márka

(abridged) In this paper, we express the relativistic propagational delay of light in the space-time of a binary system (commonly known as the "Shapiro delay") as a sum of harmonics of the orbital period of the system. We do this first for…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-19 Paulo C. C. Freire , Norbert Wex

The "Shapiro delay" experienced by an astronomical messenger traveling through a gravitational field has been used to place constraints on possible deviations from the equivalence principle. The standard Shapiro delay used to obtain these…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2019-12-05 Olivier Minazzoli , Nathan K. Johnson-McDaniel , Mairi Sakellariadou

The problem of determining the post-Newtonian parameter $\gamma$ in massive scalar-tensor theories is considered. We demonstrate equivalent correspondence between the post-Newtonian parameter $\gamma$ and the parameter appearing in the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2022-02-03 P. I. Dyadina , S. P. Labazova

We compute the PPN parameters $\gamma$ and $\beta$ for general scalar-tensor theories in the Einstein frame, which we compare to the existing PPN formulation in the Jordan frame for alternative theories of gravity. This computation is…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-12-08 Andreas Schärer , Raymond Angélil , Ruxandra Bondarescu , Philippe Jetzer , Andrew Lundgren

The time delay of light as it passes by a massive object, first calculated by Shapiro in 1964, is a hallmark of the curvature of space-time. To date, all measurements of the Shapiro time delay have been made over solar-system distance…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2014-11-18 S. Ballmer , S. Márka , P. Shawhan

The Einstein's weak equivalence principle (WEP) is one of the foundational assumptions of general relativity and some other gravity theories. In the theory of parametrized post-Newtonian (PPN), the difference between the PPN parameters…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2018-07-11 H. Yu , S. Q. Xi , F. Y. Wang

The Shapiro effect, also known as the gravitational time delay, is close kin to the gravitational deflection of light that was the central topic of our Summer School. It is also an interesting test bed for exploring a topic that provides…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-10-15 Markus Pössel

Starting from a static spherically symmetric solution of the Einstein's field equations in the second approximation in the perfect fluid scheme, in the exterior of the source, the corresponding metrics depend on a dimensionless parameter…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Nicholas Ionescu-Pallas , Marius I. Piso , Silvia Onofrei

The time delay experienced by a light ray as it passes through a changing gravitational potential by a non-zero mass distribution along the line of sight is usually referred to as Shapiro delay. Shapiro delay has been extensively measured…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-04-28 Shantanu Desai , Emre O. Kahya

This paper is based on the study of the paper of Scardigli and Casadio [Eur. Phys. J. C (2015) 75:425] where the authors computed the light deflection and perihelion precession for the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) modified…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-01-26 Özgür Ökcü , Ekrem Aydiner

We discuss the deflection of light and Shapiro delay under the influence of gravity as described by Schwarzschild metric. We obtain an exact expression based on the coordinate velocity, as first set forth by Einstein, and present a…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-10-23 Sina Ataollah Khorasani

We investigate possible a-priori "imprinting" of general relativity itself on spaceraft-based tests of it. We deal with some performed or proposed time-delay ranging experiments in the Sun's gravitational field. The "imprint" of general…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2011-09-29 Lorenzo Iorio

We consider General Relativity as a limit case of the Scalar-Tensor theory with Barbero-Immirzi field when the field tends to a constant. We use Shapiro time delay experimental limit of $1/w = (2.1 \pm 2.3)10^{-5}$ provided by the Cassini…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-09-03 Leonid Perlov

In Newtonian gravity (NG) it is known that the gravitational field anywhere inside a spherically symmetric distribution of mass is determined only by the enclosed mass. This is also widely believed to be true in general relativity (GR), and…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2012-09-13 Shuang-Nan Zhang , Shuxu Yi

The successful miniaturisation of extremely accurate atomic clocks and atom interferometers invites prospects for satellite missions to perform precision experiments. We discuss the effects predicted by general relativity and alternative…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2015-06-10 Ruxandra Bondarescu , Andreas Schärer , Philippe Jetzer , Raymond Angélil , Prasenjit Saha , Andrew Lundgren

The recent passage of Jupiter by the quasar QSO J0842+1835 at a separation of 3.7 arcminutes on September 8, 2002, combined with recent advances in interferometric radio timing, has allowed for the first measurement of higher-order…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 Joshua A. Faber

In a recent paper published in Classical and Quantum Gravity, 2004, vol. 21, p. 3803 Carlip used a vector-tensor theory of gravity to calculate the Shapiro time delay by a moving gravitational lens. He claimed that the relativistic…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2007-05-23 Sergei M. Kopeikin

Fomalont and Kopeikin have recently succeeded in measuring the velocity-dependent component of the Shapiro time delay of light from a quasar passing behind Jupiter. While there is general agreement that this observation tests the…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2010-04-28 S. Carlip
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