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Jarzynski equality and related fluctuation theorems can be formulated for various setups. Such an equality was recently derived for nonunitary quantum evolutions described by unital quantum operations, i.e., for completely positive,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2014-01-24 Alexey E. Rastegin , Karol Życzkowski

Most of the literature in the \emph{bulk reconstruction program} in holography focuses on recovering local bulk operators propagating on a quasilocal bulk geometry and the knowledge of the bulk geometry is always assumed or guessed. The…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2018-10-01 Shubho R. Roy , Debajyoti Sarkar

We argue that the Standard Model contains stable bound states with a sufficiently large number N of heavy quanta -top quarks and gauge bosons W,Z- of the form of collective "bags", with a strongly depleted value of the Higgs VEV inside.…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-01 Marcos P. Crichigno , Edward Shuryak

We report two analytical bounds for quantum error-correcting codes that do not have preexisting classical counterparts. Firstly the quantum Hamming and Singleton bounds are combined into a single tighter bound, and then the combined bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-05-27 Sixia Yu , C. H. Lai , C. H. Oh

Holographic quantum error-correcting code, the quantum-information structure hypothesized for the AdS/CFT correspondence, has being attracting increasing attention in new directions interrelating the studies of quantum gravity and quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-16 Wei Wang

Approximate quantum error correction (AQEC) provides a versatile framework for both quantum information processing and probing many-body entanglement. We reveal a fundamental tension between the error-correcting power of an AQEC and the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-07 Jinmin Yi , Ruizhi Liu , Zhi Li

We point out a connection between the emergence of bulk locality in AdS/CFT and the theory of quantum error correction. Bulk notions such as Bogoliubov transformations, location in the radial direction, and the holographic entropy bound all…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-07-29 Ahmed Almheiri , Xi Dong , Daniel Harlow

We specify bulk coordinates in Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity using a boundary-intrinsic radar definition. This allows us to study and calculate exactly diff-invariant bulk correlation functions of matter-coupled JT gravity, which are found…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-09-18 Andreas Blommaert , Thomas G. Mertens , Henri Verschelde

We develop a fully discrete and non-perturbative formulation of two-dimensional Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity within the BF framework. Using group-valued holonomies and Lie-algebra--valued dilatons, the bulk theory is shown to be purely…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-02-17 H. T. Özer , Aytül Filiz

One of the main objectives of quantum error-correction theory is to construct quantum codes with optimal parameters and properties. In this paper, we propose a class of 2-generator quasi-cyclic codes and study their applications in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Chaofeng Guan , Ruihu Li , Liangdong Lu , Yang Liu , Hao Song

Why do larger language models generalize better? To investigate this question, we develop generalization bounds on the pretraining objective of large language models (LLMs) in the compute-optimal regime, as described by the Chinchilla…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Marc Finzi , Sanyam Kapoor , Diego Granziol , Anming Gu , Christopher De Sa , J. Zico Kolter , Andrew Gordon Wilson

A finite geometric model of space-time (which we call the bulk) is shown to emerge as a set of error correcting codes. The bulk is encoding a set of messages located in a blow up of the Gibbons-Hoffman-Wootters (GHW) discrete phase space…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-05-01 Péter Lévay , Frédéric Holweck

In semiclassical holographic duality, the running couplings of a field theory are conventionally identified with the classical solutions of field equations in the dual gravitational theory. However, this identification is unclear when the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2015-06-12 Vijay Balasubramanian , Monica Guica , Albion Lawrence

A quasi-complementary sequence set (QCSS) refers to a set of two-dimensional matrices with low non-trivial aperiodic auto- and cross- correlation sums. For multicarrier code-division multiple-access applications, the availability of large…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-24 Zilong Liu , Yong Liang Guan , Wai Ho Mow

Calderbank-Shor-Steane (CSS) codes are a class of quantum error correction codes that contains the toric code and fracton models. A procedure called foliation defines a cluster state for a given CSS code. We use the CSS chain complex and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-23 Takuya Okuda , Aswin Parayil Mana , Hiroki Sukeno

In this work we extend the connection between Quantum Error Correction (QEC) and Lattice Gauge Theories (LGTs) by showing that a $\mathbb{Z}_N$ gauge theory with prime dimension $N$ coupled to dynamical matter can be expressed as a qudit…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-25 Luca Spagnoli , Alessandro Roggero , Nathan Wiebe

An explicit holographic correspondence between $AdS$ bulk and boundary quantum states is found in the form of a one to one mapping between scalar field creation/annihilation operators. The mapping requires the introduction of arbitrary…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2008-11-26 Henrique Boschi-Filho , Nelson R. F. Braga

One central question in quantum gravity is to understand how and why predictions from semiclassical gravity can break down in regimes with low spacetime curvature. One diagnostic of such a breakdown is that states which are orthonormal at…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2026-03-30 John Preskill , Mykhaylo Usatyuk , Shreya Vardhan

We apply and extend the theory of universal recovery channels from quantum information theory to address the problem of entanglement wedge reconstruction in AdS/CFT. It has recently been proposed that any low-energy local bulk operators in…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2019-07-31 Jordan Cotler , Patrick Hayden , Geoffrey Penington , Grant Salton , Brian Swingle , Michael Walter

We study quasi-exact quantum error correcting codes and quantum computation with them. A quasi-exact code is an approximate code such that it contains a finite number of scaling parameters, the tuning of which can flow it to corresponding…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-07-29 Dong-Sheng Wang , Guanyu Zhu , Cihan Okay , Raymond Laflamme