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In the multi-turn interaction schema, large language models (LLMs) can leverage user feedback to enhance the quality and relevance of their responses. However, evaluating an LLM's ability to incorporate user refutation feedback is crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Jianhao Yan , Yun Luo , Yue Zhang

Recent studies have used both automatic metrics and human evaluations to assess the simplification abilities of LLMs. However, the suitability of existing evaluation methodologies for LLMs remains in question. First, the suitability of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Xuanxin Wu , Yuki Arase

Interpretability tools that offer explanations in the form of a dialogue have demonstrated their efficacy in enhancing users' understanding (Slack et al., 2023; Shen et al., 2023), as one-off explanations may fall short in providing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-25 Qianli Wang , Tatiana Anikina , Nils Feldhus , Josef van Genabith , Leonhard Hennig , Sebastian Möller

Large language models (LLMs) in research and development toolchains produce output that triggers attribution of agency and understanding -- a cognitive illusion that degrades verification behavior and trust calibration. No existing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Marek Miller

While modern dialogue systems heavily rely on large language models (LLMs), their implementation often goes beyond pure LLM interaction. Developers integrate multiple LLMs, external tools, and databases. Therefore, assessment of the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Roman Mayr , Michel Schimpf , Thomas Bohné

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in code translation, yet their performance deteriorates in low-resource programming domains such as Fortran and emerging frameworks like CUDA, where high-quality parallel data…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-12-04 Le Chen , Nuo Xu , Winson Chen , Bin Lei , Pei-Hung Lin , Dunzhi Zhou , Rajeev Thakur , Caiwen Ding , Ali Jannesari , Chunhua Liao

As Large Language Models (LLMs) advance, their potential for widespread societal impact grows simultaneously. Hence, rigorous LLM evaluations are both a technical necessity and social imperative. While numerous evaluation benchmarks have…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Jaime Raldua Veuthey , Zainab Ali Majid , Suhas Hariharan , Jacob Haimes

Self-correction has emerged as a promising solution to boost the reasoning performance of large language models (LLMs), where LLMs refine their solutions using self-generated critiques that pinpoint the errors. This work explores whether…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-07 Yunxiang Zhang , Muhammad Khalifa , Lajanugen Logeswaran , Jaekyeom Kim , Moontae Lee , Honglak Lee , Lu Wang

Reinforcement learning (RL) to improve code review comment generation requires handling unstructured outputs, making reinforcement learning (RL) feedback challenging. The two main RL approaches, namely RL with Verifiable Feedback (RLVR) and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Manav Nitin Kapadnis , Atharva Naik , Carolyn Rose

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in software engineering, recently in the form of conversational assistants, ensuring these technologies align with developers' needs is essential. The limitations of traditional…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-13 Jonan Richards , Mairieli Wessel

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used to annotate learning interactions, yet concerns about reliability limit their utility. We test whether verification-oriented orchestration-prompting models to check their own labels…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Bakhtawar Ahtisham , Kirk Vanacore , Jinsook Lee , Zhuqian Zhou , Doug Pietrzak , Rene F. Kizilcec

This paper presents a framework that integrates Large Language Models (LLMs) into translation validation, targeting LLVM compiler transformations where formal verification tools fall short. Our framework first utilizes existing formal…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2024-02-02 Yanzhao Wang , Fei Xie

The replication crisis, the failure of scientific claims to be validated by further research, is one of the most pressing issues for empirical research. This is partly an incentive problem: replication is costly and less well rewarded than…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-02-24 So Kubota , Hiromu Yakura , Samuel Coavoux , Sho Yamada , Yuki Nakamura

As AI becomes fundamental in sectors like healthcare, explainable AI (XAI) tools are essential for trust and transparency. However, traditional user studies used to evaluate these tools are often costly, time consuming, and difficult to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Francesco Bombassei De Bona , Gabriele Dominici , Tim Miller , Marc Langheinrich , Martin Gjoreski

Pairwise preferences over model responses are widely collected to evaluate and provide feedback to large language models (LLMs). Given two alternative model responses to the same input, a human or AI annotator selects the "better" response.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Arduin Findeis , Floris Weers , Guoli Yin , Ke Ye , Ruoming Pang , Tom Gunter

[Context and Motivation] Online user feedback provides valuable information to support requirements engineering (RE). However, analyzing online user feedback is challenging due to its large volume and noise. Large language models (LLMs)…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Manjeshwar Aniruddh Mallya , Alessio Ferrari , Mohammad Amin Zadenoori , Jacek Dąbrowski

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to create content in regulated domains such as pharmaceuticals, where outputs must be scientifically accurate and legally compliant. Manual quality control (QC) is slow, error prone, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Suyash Mishra , Qiang Li , Anubhav Girdhar

Formal methods have been employed for requirements verification for a long time. However, it is difficult to automatically derive properties from natural language requirements. SpecVerify addresses this challenge by integrating large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Weiqi Wang , Marie Farrell , Lucas C. Cordeiro , Liping Zhao

Large language models (LLMs) show strong capabilities in general reasoning but typically lack reliability in scientific domains like quantum mechanics, which demand strict adherence to physical constraints. This limitation arises from the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Songxin Qu , Tai-Ping Sun , Yun-Jie Wang , Huan-Yu Liu , Cheng Xue , Xiao-Fan Xu , Han Fang , Yang Yang , Yu-Chun Wu , Guo-Ping Guo , Zhao-Yun Chen

Providing effective feedback is important for student learning in programming problem-solving. In this sense, Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as potential tools to automate feedback generation. However, their reliability and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Priscylla Silva , Evandro Costa