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Log Files are created for Traffic Analysis, Maintenance, Software debugging, customer management at multiple places like System Services, User Monitoring Applications, Network servers, database management systems which must be kept for long…

Other Computer Science · Computer Science 2013-12-09 P. Kiran Sree , Inampudi Ramesh Babu , SSSN Usha Devi N

Understanding and extracting of information from large documents, such as business opportunities, academic articles, medical documents and technical reports, poses challenges not present in short documents. Such large documents may be…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-10 Muhammad Mahbubur Rahman , Tim Finin

Modern NLP tasks increasingly rely on dense retrieval methods to access up-to-date and relevant contextual information. We are motivated by the premise that retrieval benefits from segments that can vary in size such that a content's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 André V. Duarte , João Marques , Miguel Graça , Miguel Freire , Lei Li , Arlindo L. Oliveira

Large language models (LLMs) now support contexts of up to 1M tokens, but their effectiveness on complex long-context tasks remains unclear. In this paper, we study multi-document legal case summarization, where a single case often spans…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Yao Dou , Wei Xu

Multi-Label Classification (MLC) is a common task in the legal domain, where more than one label may be assigned to a legal document. A wide range of methods can be applied, ranging from traditional ML approaches to the latest…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Martina Forster , Claudia Schulz , Prudhvi Nokku , Melicaalsadat Mirsafian , Jaykumar Kasundra , Stavroula Skylaki

Financial news plays a central role in shaping investor sentiment and short-term dynamics in commodity markets. Many downstream financial applications, such as commodity price prediction or sentiment modeling, therefore rely on the ability…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Michael Schlee , Christoph Weisser , Timo Kivimäki , Melchizedek Mashiku , Benjamin Saefken

An emerging recipe for achieving state-of-the-art effectiveness in neural document re-ranking involves utilizing large pre-trained language models - e.g., BERT - to evaluate all individual passages in the document and then aggregating the…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-05-21 Sebastian Hofstätter , Bhaskar Mitra , Hamed Zamani , Nick Craswell , Allan Hanbury

In the era of billion-parameter-sized Language Models (LMs), start-ups have to follow trends and adapt their technology accordingly. Nonetheless, there are open challenges since the development and deployment of large models comes with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Stelios Maroudas , Sotiris Legkas , Prodromos Malakasiotis , Ilias Chalkidis

Transformer-based document cross-encoder rerankers are a central component of modern information retrieval systems. Despite their success, these models suffer from high computational costs due to processing long query-document sequences at…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Shengyao Zhuang , Zhichao Xu , Ivano Lauriola

Conventional commits provide a structured format for writing commit messages, which improves readability, software maintenance, and enables automation tools such as changelog generators and semantic versioning systems. Existing approaches…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-05 H. M. Sazzad Quadir , Sakib Al Hasan , Md. Nurul Ahad Tawhid

Reasoning abilities of LLMs have been a key focus in recent years. One challenging reasoning domain with interesting nuances is legal reasoning, which requires careful application of rules, and precedents while balancing deductive and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Venkatesh Mishra , Bimsara Pathiraja , Mihir Parmar , Sat Chidananda , Jayanth Srinivasa , Gaowen Liu , Ali Payani , Chitta Baral

This paper addresses the challenge of processing long documents using generative transformer models. To evaluate different approaches, we introduce BABILong, a new benchmark designed to assess model capabilities in extracting and processing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Yuri Kuratov , Aydar Bulatov , Petr Anokhin , Dmitry Sorokin , Artyom Sorokin , Mikhail Burtsev

Long-context modeling presents a significant challenge for transformer-based large language models (LLMs) due to the quadratic complexity of the self-attention mechanism and issues with length extrapolation caused by pretraining exclusively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Chenghao Yang , Zi Yang , Nan Hua

Many time reviewers fail to appreciate novel ideas of a researcher and provide generic feedback. Thus, proper assignment of reviewers based on their area of expertise is necessary. Moreover, reading each and every paper from end-to-end for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Sohom Ghosh , Ankush Chopra

Large Language Models (LLMs) face significant challenges in long-context processing, including quadratic computational costs, information forgetting, and the context fragmentation inherent in retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). We propose…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Zhuoen Chen , Dongfang Li , Meishan Zhang , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Legal practice requires careful adherence to procedural rules. In the United States, few are more complex than those found in The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation. Compliance with this system's 500+ pages of byzantine formatting…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Matthew Dahl

Large language models (LLMs) are widely applied to data analytics over documents, yet direct reasoning over long, noisy documents remains brittle and error-prone. Hence, we study document question answering (QA) that consolidates dispersed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-01 Zhuowen Liang , Xiaotian Lin , Zhengxuan Zhang , Yuyu Luo , Haixun Wang , Nan Tang

We describe a dataset developed for Named Entity Recognition in German federal court decisions. It consists of approx. 67,000 sentences with over 2 million tokens. The resource contains 54,000 manually annotated entities, mapped to 19…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-03-31 Elena Leitner , Georg Rehm , Julián Moreno-Schneider

Large language models (LLMs) have been applied in various applications due to their astonishing capabilities. With advancements in technologies such as chain-of-thought (CoT) prompting and in-context learning (ICL), the prompts fed to LLMs…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-07 Huiqiang Jiang , Qianhui Wu , Chin-Yew Lin , Yuqing Yang , Lili Qiu

Models based on bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT) produce state of the art (SOTA) results on many natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as named entity recognition (NER), part-of-speech (POS) tagging etc.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Shubham Vatsal , Adam Meyers , John E. Ortega