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With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs) and their integration into large multimodal models (LMMs), there has been impressive progress in zero-shot completion of user-oriented vision-language tasks. However, a gap remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-16 Fuxiao Liu , Xiaoyang Wang , Wenlin Yao , Jianshu Chen , Kaiqiang Song , Sangwoo Cho , Yaser Yacoob , Dong Yu

Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have shown promising capabilities in mathematical reasoning within visual contexts across various datasets. However, most existing multimodal math benchmarks are limited to single-visual contexts,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Peijie Wang , Zhong-Zhi Li , Fei Yin , Xin Yang , Dekang Ran , Cheng-Lin Liu

The advent of multi-modal language models (MLLMs) has spurred research into their application across various table understanding tasks. However, their performance in credit table understanding (CTU) for financial credit review remains…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Cui Yakun , Yanting Zhang , Zhu Lei , Jian Xie , Zhizhuo Kou , Hang Du , Zhenghao Zhu , Sirui Han

Deeply understanding sports requires an intricate blend of fine-grained visual perception and rule-based reasoning - a challenge that pushes the limits of current multimodal models. To succeed, models must master three critical…

Multimodal document retrieval aims to identify and retrieve various forms of multimodal content, such as figures, tables, charts, and layout information from extensive documents. Despite its increasing popularity, there is a notable lack of…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Kuicai Dong , Yujing Chang , Xin Deik Goh , Dexun Li , Ruiming Tang , Yong Liu

Real-world financial decision-making is a challenging problem that requires reasoning over heterogeneous signals, including company fundamentals derived from regulatory filings and trading signals computed from price dynamics. Recently,…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Yogesh Agrawal , Aniruddha Dutta , Md Mahadi Hasan , Santu Karmaker , Aritra Dutta

Recently, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have achieved significant advancements across various domains, and corresponding evaluation benchmarks have been continuously refined and improved. In this process, benchmarks in the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Jiacheng Ruan , Dan Jiang , Xian Gao , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu , Yangyang Kang

In this paper, we introduce FAMMA, an open-source benchmark for \underline{f}in\underline{a}ncial \underline{m}ultilingual \underline{m}ultimodal question \underline{a}nswering (QA). Our benchmark aims to evaluate the abilities of large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Siqiao Xue , Xiaojing Li , Fan Zhou , Qingyang Dai , Zhixuan Chu , Hongyuan Mei

Reasoning plays a crucial role in advancing Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) toward Artificial General Intelligence. However, existing MLLM benchmarks often fall short in precisely and comprehensively evaluating long-chain reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Huanjin Yao , Jiaxing Huang , Yawen Qiu , Michael K. Chen , Wenzheng Liu , Wei Zhang , Wenjie Zeng , Xikun Zhang , Jingyi Zhang , Yuxin Song , Wenhao Wu , Dacheng Tao

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs), which integrate language and visual cues for problem-solving, are crucial for advancing artificial general intelligence (AGI). However, current benchmarks for measuring the intelligence of MLLMs…

With the increasing deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) in the finance domain, LLMs are increasingly expected to parse complex regulatory disclosures. However, existing benchmarks often focus on isolated details, failing to reflect…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yidong Jiang , Junrong Chen , Eftychia Makri , Jialin Chen , Peiwen Li , Ali Maatouk , Leandros Tassiulas , Eliot Brenner , Bing Xiang , Rex Ying

MLLMs MLLMs are beginning to appear in clinical workflows, but their ability to perform complex medical reasoning remains unclear. We present Med-CMR, a fine-grained Medical Complex Multimodal Reasoning benchmark. Med-CMR distinguishes from…

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown promise for financial applications, yet their suitability for this high-stakes domain remains largely unproven due to inadequacies in existing benchmarks. Existing benchmarks solely rely on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Ziyan Kuang , Feiyu Zhu , Maowei Jiang , Yanzhao Lai , Zelin Wang , Zhitong Wang , Meikang Qiu , Jiajia Huang , Min Peng , Qianqian Xie , Sophia Ananiadou

Accurate information retrieval (IR) is critical in the financial domain, where investors must identify relevant information from large collections of documents. Traditional IR methods -- whether sparse or dense -- often fall short in…

Although recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown rapid improvement on reasoning benchmarks in English, the evaluation of such LLMs' multilingual reasoning capability across diverse languages and cultural contexts remains limited.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-24 Alexander R. Fabbri , Diego Mares , Jorge Flores , Meher Mankikar , Ernesto Hernandez , Dean Lee , Bing Liu , Chen Xing

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in the financial domain. Thus, it becomes important to assess the performance of LLMs in the financial tasks. In this work, we introduce CFBenchmark, to evaluate the performance…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Yang Lei , Jiangtong Li , Dawei Cheng , Zhijun Ding , Changjun Jiang

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have shown great potential in perception and interpretation tasks, but their capabilities in predictive reasoning remain under-explored. To address this gap, we introduce a novel benchmark that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-23 Mingwei Zhu , Leigang Sha , Yu Shu , Kangjia Zhao , Tiancheng Zhao , Jianwei Yin

The ability to process information from multiple modalities and to reason through it step-by-step remains a critical challenge in advancing artificial intelligence. However, existing reasoning benchmarks focus on text-only reasoning, or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Yulun Jiang , Yekun Chai , Maria Brbić , Michael Moor

Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) achieve strong performance on benchmarks that evaluate text, image, or video understanding separately. However, these settings do not assess a critical real-world requirement, which involves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Dannong Xu , Zhongyu Yang , Jun Chen , Yingfang Yuan , Ming Hu , Lei Sun , Luc Van Gool , Danda Pani Paudel , Chun-Mei Feng

Prior benchmarks for evaluating the domain-specific knowledge of large language models (LLMs) lack the scalability to handle complex academic tasks. To address this, we introduce \texttt{ScholarBench}, a benchmark centered on deep expert…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Dongwon Noh , Donghyeok Koh , Junghun Yuk , Gyuwan Kim , Jaeyong Lee , Kyungtae Lim , Cheoneum Park