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Automated Program Repair (APR) proposes bug fixes to aid developers in maintaining software. The state of the art in this domain focuses on LLMs, leveraging their strong capabilities to comprehend specifications in natural language and to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Viola Campos , Ridwan Shariffdeen , Adrian Ulges , Yannic Noller

Large language model (LLM) agents are increasingly used for automated vulnerability repair (AVR), where repository-level reasoning enables them to inspect context and produce source-code patches. However, recent empirical results show that…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Simiao Liu , Fang Liu , Li Zhang , Yang Liu , Yinghao Zhu

Automated Program Repair (APR) seeks to automatically correct software bugs without requiring human intervention. However, existing tools tend to generate patches that satisfy test cases without fixing the underlying bug, those are known as…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Marcos Fuster-Pena , David de-Fitero-Dominguez , Antonio Garcia-Cabot , Eva Garcia-Lopez

The increasing prevalence of software bugs has made automated program repair (APR) a key research focus. Large language models (LLMs) offer new opportunities for APR, but existing studies mostly rely on smaller, earlier-generation models…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Jiajun Sun , Fengjie Li , Xinzhu Qi , Hongyu Zhang , Jiajun Jiang

Software development life cycle is profoundly influenced by bugs: their introduction, identification, and eventual resolution account for a significant portion of software cost. This has motivated software engineering researchers and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-03-14 Matthew Jin , Syed Shahriar , Michele Tufano , Xin Shi , Shuai Lu , Neel Sundaresan , Alexey Svyatkovskiy

We introduce Learn2fix, the first human-in-the-loop, semi-automatic repair technique when no bug oracle--except for the user who is reporting the bug--is available. Our approach negotiates with the user the condition under which the bug is…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-12-18 Marcel Böhme , Charaka Geethal , Van-Thuan Pham

Among areas of software engineering where AI techniques -- particularly, Large Language Models -- seem poised to yield dramatic improvements, an attractive candidate is Automatic Program Repair (APR), the production of satisfactory…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Li Huang , Ilgiz Mustafin , Marco Piccioni , Alessandro Schena , Reto Weber , Bertrand Meyer

A long-standing open challenge for automated program repair is the overfitting problem, which is caused by having insufficient or incomplete specifications to validate whether a generated patch is correct or not. Most available repair…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-11-11 Omar I. Al-Bataineh , Anastasiia Grishina , Leon Moonen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have recently shown strong potential in automatic program repair (APR), especially in repository-level settings where the goal is to generate patches based on natural language issue descriptions, large…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Anvith Pabba , Simin Chen , Alex Mathai , Anindya Chakraborty , Baishakhi Ray

Automatic program repair (APR) is crucial to reduce manual debugging efforts for developers and improve software reliability. While conventional search-based techniques typically rely on heuristic rules or a redundancy assumption to mine…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-09-13 Weishi Wang , Yue Wang , Shafiq Joty , Steven C. H. Hoi

With the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs), traditional Automated Program Repair (APR) techniques have undergone significant transformation. Training-free approaches, such as zero-shot and few-shot prompting, are…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-11-17 Haichuan Hu , Ye Shang , Weifeng Sun , Quanjun Zhang

Automated Program Repair (APR) aims to automatically fix bugs in the source code. Recently, as advances in Deep Learning (DL) field, there is a rise of Neural Program Repair (NPR) studies, which formulate APR as a translation task from…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2022-09-22 Wenkang Zhong , Chuanyi Li , Jidong Ge , Bin Luo

Static analyzers help find bugs early by warning about recurring bug categories. While fixing these bugs still remains a mostly manual task in practice, we observe that fixes for a specific bug category often are repetitive. This paper…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-11-22 Johannes Bader , Andrew Scott , Michael Pradel , Satish Chandra

The automated program repair field has attracted substantial interest over the years, but despite significant research efforts, creating a system that works well for complex semantic bugs such as security vulnerabilities has proven…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Berkay Berabi , Alexey Gronskiy , Veselin Raychev , Gishor Sivanrupan , Victor Chibotaru , Martin Vechev

Automated program repair (APR) aims to fix software bugs automatically without human debugging efforts and plays a crucial role in software development and maintenance. Despite promising, APR is still challenged by a long-standing…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Quanjun Zhang , Chunrong Fang , Weisong Sun , Yan Liu , Tieke He , Xiaodong Hao , Zhenyu Chen

Bug fixing holds significant importance in software development and maintenance. Recent research has made substantial strides in exploring the potential of large language models (LLMs) for automatically resolving software bugs. However, a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yuwei Zhang , Zhi Jin , Ying Xing , Ge Li , Fang Liu , Jiaxin Zhu , Wensheng Dou , Jun Wei

This study explores the potential of Large Language Models (LLMs) in automating the repair of C programs. We present a framework that integrates spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL), runtime feedback, and Chain-of-Thought-structured…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Mahdi Farzandway , Fatemeh Ghassemi

Large language models such as Codex, have shown the capability to produce code for many programming tasks. However, the success rate of existing models is low, especially for complex programming tasks. One of the reasons is that language…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-01-03 Zhiyu Fan , Xiang Gao , Martin Mirchev , Abhik Roychoudhury , Shin Hwei Tan

Large Language Model (LLM) - based Automated Program Repair (APR) systems are increasingly integrated into modern software development workflows, offering automated patches in response to natural language bug reports. However, this reliance…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Piotr Przymus , Andreas Happe , Jürgen Cito

Issue tracking systems are commonly used in modern software development for collecting feedback from users and developers. An ultimate automation target of software maintenance is then the systematization of patch generation for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-08-20 Anil Koyuncu , Kui Liu , Tegawendé F. Bissyandé , Dongsun Kim , Martin Monperrus , Jacques Klein , Yves Le Traon